Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.
The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat.Between the ages of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men ,” said Samantha.“This is part of the ageing process.”
What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender （性別）difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women,”said Samantha.They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80, who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease.“The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart,” said Samantha.
But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.
小題1:The underlined word “l(fā)ongevity” in the second paragraph means “________”.
A．healthB．long lifeC．a(chǎn)geingD．effect
小題2:The text mainly talks about ________.
A．men’s heart cellsB．women’s ageing process
C．the gender differenceD．hearts and long life
小題3:According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.
A．men have fewer cells than women when they are born
B．women can produce the cells that make the heart beat
C．the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age
D．women will never suffer the loss of pumping power with age
小題4:If you want to live a long life, you should ________.
A．enable your heart to beat much faster
B．think about the reason for ageing
C．take regular exercise to keep your heart healthy
D．stop your cells from being lost

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:C

試題分析：本文分析了女性比男性長壽的原因，是因?yàn)榕缘男呐K受年齡的變化較小，因此能夠讓女性活得更久。
小題1:B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句Why do men live a shorter life than women?和第二段第一句The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age.可知本文研究的是女性為什么比男性更長壽，故該詞是指B項(xiàng)。
小題2:D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men’s hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause.可知本文講述的是女性比男性長壽也許是因?yàn)榕缘男呐K隨著年齡的變化受損較少。故D正確。
小題3:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第五段1,2行What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one’s.可知女性的心臟隨著年齡的變化影響較小，故C正確。
小題4:C 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.可知要想保持健康，我們要加強(qiáng)鍛煉。故C項(xiàng)正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文分析了女性比男性長壽的原因，是因?yàn)榕缘男呐K受年齡的變化較小，因此能夠讓女性活得更久。要求考生讀懂文章中的每個(gè)句子的意思還要推理它們之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。任何一篇文章都有其特定的寫作目的，讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道如何去做或按照某種方式傳遞思考問題。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理時(shí)我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分－推論的前提，從中推測出未知部分－推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評(píng)論，把自己的觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成作者的觀點(diǎn)。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the past, the affairs happening inside one country had little influence on other countries, even the neighboring ones. Therefore, incidents of food safety only affected and spread within one country, one city, one island or one village. However, with globalization, goods and products can almost flow freely between countries, regions, and continents. So the food safety problem is therefore no longer a national or regional issue, but rather a global one．
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小題1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Nowadays, food safety incidents spread inside one country
B．In 1997, Avian Influenza caused great fear in Hong Kong
C．16 Germans died of deadly E. coli after eating cucumbers
D．Food safety is only related to the developing countries
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A．seriousB．commonC．urgentD．unique
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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Experts at the National Institutes of Health say good dental care starts at birth. Breast milk, they say, is the best food for the healthy development of teeth. Breast milk can help slow the growth of bacteria and acid production in the mouth.
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( D )
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完型填空（共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿分30分）
Sports and   1  do a lot of good to our health. They can make us strong,   2  us from getting too fat, and keep    3  and fit.   4  they can be of great value to people   5  work with their brains most of the day, for sports and games give people   6   practice in exercising the body.  7  , they make our life richer and   8  colorful. If we   9  have a strong body, we will find it hard to do    10  we want.   11  persons of all ages enjoy watching and    12  various kinds of sports——track and fields, swimming, skating,   13  , volleyball and basketball, etc. Sports and games are also very useful in   14  training. They demand not only   15  skills and strength but also courage, endurance (忍耐力), discipline (紀(jì)律性) and usually teamwork. For boys and girls, what is learned in the playground often has a deep   16  on their character.   17 each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will later find  18 natural to work for the good of his country    19 only for his own benefit. A healthy   20  makes a strong country. Let’s all take part in sports and games.
小題1:
A．musicB．a(chǎn)rt C．gamesD．entertainment
小題2:
A．prevent B．protectC．a(chǎn)dmitD．contain
小題3:
A．upset B．healthyC．foolishD．calm
小題4:
A．FirstlyB．Personally C．SpeciallyD．Especially
小題5:
A．whereB．which C．that D．who
小題6:
A．valueB．valuableC．worthD．valueless
小題7:
A．What’s moreB．In generalC．After allD．In time
小題8:
A．lessB．moreC．mostD．least
小題9:
A．didn’t B．doC．don’tD．did
小題10:
A．whoB．whateverC．whichD．whichever
小題11:
A．AndB．ButC．OrD．So
小題12:
A．carrying onB．taking part in C．joiningD．a(chǎn)dding up
小題13:
A．footballB．playC．videoD．film
小題14:
A．lookB．characterC．a(chǎn)ppearanceD．expression
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A．spiritualB．materialC．mentalD．physical
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A．a(chǎn)ffectB．effectC．troubleD．doubt
小題17:
A．whenB．a(chǎn)s ifC．becauseD．if
小題18:
A．themB．thisC．itD．that
小題19:
A．Apart fromB．InsteadC．Because ofD．Instead of
小題20:
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you love holidays but hate the increase（增長的） weight that follows? You are not alone.
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With proper planning, though, it is possible to con­trol your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. 
Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a feast (宴會(huì)), have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before de­licious foods.
Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.
Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.
Choose lean meat (瘦肉). Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate.
Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess (過多的) calories.
小題1:Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may______.
A．bring weight problems
B．bring you much trouble in your life
C．make you worried about your foods
D．make you hate delicious foods
小題2:In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you’d better ___.
A．drink much water and have vegetables only
B．not eat much food in high fat
C．not accept invitations to feasts
D．turn away from delicious foods
小題3:According to the passage, ___ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight.
A．vegetablesB．waterC．calories of energyD．physical exercise
小題4:Many people can’t help putting on weight after the holidays because they ___.
A．can’t control themselves
B．go to too many feasts
C．enjoy delicious foods
D．can’t help turning away from the foods

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A growing number of workers at Google Inc., Facebook Inc. and other employers are trading in their sit-down desks for standing ones, saying they feel more comfortable and energized. They also are motivated by medical reports saying that sitting for too long leads to increased health risks.
A standing desk sits high off the floor so a worker can either stand at it or sit on a high stool to use it. Officials at Palo Alto-based Facebook say a number of employees asked about standing desks after news articles were published about the health risks of sitting all day.
The stories cited medical studies that tied excessive sitting to increased obesity and other health problems because of factors including a drop in physical activity. A 2010 study by the American Cancer Society found that women who sat more than six hours a day were 37% more likely to die prematurely than women who sat for less than three hours, while the early-death rate for men was 18% higher. The American College of Cardiology released a study in January that found increased mortality (死亡率) among people who sat longer at home than those who didn't.
No one seems to compile statistics on the standing-desk trend. But anecdotal reports suggest Silicon Valley is embracing the movement.
Facebook officials say they have seen an upsurge in requests for standing desks to five to eight a week with a total of between 200 and 250 deployed (配置) at the company of more than 2,000 employees. Facebook also is trying out a treadmill station ─ where a worker can walk or run on a treadmill while tapping at a computer.
Google spokesman Jordan Newman said that 'many employees at Google opt for standing desks, and we offer them as part of our wellness program' though he said he didn't know the exact number.
Greg Hoy, 39 years old, asked for a standing desk shortly after joining Facebook seven months ago as a design recruiter. 'I don't get the 3 o'clock slump anymore,' he said. 'I feel active all day long.'
小題1:The underlined word “motivated” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by          .
A．frightenedB．inspiredC．missedD．discouraged
小題2:According to paragraph 3, we can know that          .
A．a(chǎn) drop in physical activity was the only reason why excessive sitting caused increased obesity.
B．women who sat longer were more likely to die prematurely according to a 2010 study by American College of Cardiology
C．a(chǎn)ccording to the study, the early-death rate for men was 18% higher than that for women.
D．the mortality among people who didn’t sat long at home was lower than that among people who did.
小題3:According to paragraph 5, which of the following statements is true about a treadmill station          ?
A．is a computer that a worker can take along when he walks or runs
B．has been tried out by Facebook and now is very popular with other companies
C．is a place where workers can exercise while working.
D．is a treadmill on which workers can run or walk only after work
小題4:The passage mainly talks about          .
A．sitting for too long leads to increased health risks
B．standing desks have replaced sit-down ones in Facebook Inc.
C．more and more workers choose standing desks instead of sit-down ones
D．many employees at Google opt for standing desks

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
小題1:What is the main topic of the passage?
A．The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B．The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C．Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D．The minimum of our sleeping hours．
小題2:Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A．People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B．Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C．If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D．People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
小題3:People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A．they had no electricity
B．they knew what was best for their health
C．they were forced by their parents to do so
D．they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
小題4:The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A．the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B．the heavy work load of the day
C．the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D．loud noises in the modern cities
小題5:What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B．Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C．Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D．Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．

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