Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is on e extra heading which you do not need.

You’re probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called abridged dictionaries. Although abridged means “shortened”, these dictionaries contain more than 150.000 entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students and general users. College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations. Biographical and geographical names, foreign words and phrases. And tables of measures. Webster’s Ⅱ New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries.

unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies). These dictionaries, possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries. Unabridged dictionaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language.

A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication, preferred spelling and pronunciation (some word have more than one acceptable spelling and pronunciation), and part-of-speech labels. Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms. Synonyms, antonyms, and derivatives. Americanisms and etymologies may be provide along with usage notes, cross-references, and idioms.

If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries. In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such as WWWebster’s Dictionary, on the Internet. Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word (you even get help with spelling ) to see a definition, and sometimes even an illustration. Online dictionaries also offer additional features, such as word games. Language tips, and amusing facts about words. Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized, in on search.

Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field. For example there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law, computer technology, and medicine. In addition, there are dictionaries of synonyms, clichés, slang, and even regional expressions. Such as the Dictionary of American Regional English(DARE). There are also dictionaries of foreign languages, famous people’s names, literary characters’ names and place names.

【小題1】F

【小題2】D

【小題3】C

【小題4】B

【小題5】E


解析:

這是上海等地高考的“標題匹配”題。該題型旨在考查考生對語段的分析概括能力。解答這種題型,除了平時注意訓練總體把握,提取語段主旨要義的閱讀技巧外,還要掌握一些解題技巧(如要善于抓住語段的中心詞和中心句,注意捕捉這些信息和備選項之間的同義轉(zhuǎn)換關系),以期達到事半功倍的效果。

【小題1】本段主要介紹了學院辭典(也叫節(jié)本辭典)的特點,故用F做標題比較合適。

【小題2】本段首句為中心句,介紹了辭典的詳細版本,故D為正確答案。

【小題3】本段開門見山,開頭幾句點明了話題——辭典詞條的組成部分,故C為正確答案。

【小題4】本段介紹了兩類新型辭典——電子詞典和在線詞典。B項說法與之相符,為正確答案。

【小題5】抓住本段首句,句中specialized和E中的particular構成同意轉(zhuǎn)換,且兩處都含有field這個中心詞,故可確定答案為E。

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