【題目】從下面的方框中選擇合適的詞,將其正確的形式填在句子中。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

1Thousand were killed in the early stage of the novel virus spread because of lagging countermeasures, after which three related officials ____________ from their positions.

2The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, ____________ by enthusiastic applause.

3Since the lockdown of the city on Jan.23rd, the students and teachers in our school ____________ online learning and teaching at home.

4While a moderate amount of stress can be ____________, too much stress can exhaust you.

5Larger and longer trials are needed ____________ the clinical effect and safety of this new drug.

6Heroic sacrifice in disaster or war is not ____________ to self-preservation. It is people’s choice based on their value of life.

7Responsibility and reliability are the essential ____________ to be a trustworthy citizen in any society.

8Do not let a lack of materials to hold you back from ____________ your dream. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.

9New public opinion polls show the President’s ____________ rating at its lowest point since he took office.

10The Chinese people have shown great sympathy for the victims in the Covid-19 epidemic in the United States, ____________ those political conflicts.

【答案】

1resigned

2accompanied

3have adapted to

4beneficial

5to evaluate

6contradictory

7qualifications

8fulfilling

9approval

10setting aside

【解析】

1考查動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:上 千人在新病毒傳播的早期階段因?qū)Σ邷蠖劳觯笕嚓P(guān)官員辭職。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), 所填詞在句中是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞resign,意思為“辭職”;句子敘述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況,因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填resigned

2考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 在熱烈的掌聲中,該提案立即以二比一的投票結(jié)果獲得通過(guò)。根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)是短語(yǔ) be accompanied by,意思為“伴隨有……”;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), 所填詞在句中作狀語(yǔ);accompany與句子的主語(yǔ)The proposal之間為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填accompanied

3考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意: 自從123日該市封城以來(lái),我校的學(xué)生和教師已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了在家在線學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)。根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)是短語(yǔ) adapt to ,意思為“適應(yīng)”;since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主句時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語(yǔ)the students and teachers是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用have done形式。故填have adapted to。

4考查形容詞。句意:雖然適度的壓力是有益的,但是過(guò)多的壓力會(huì)讓你筋疲力盡。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在be動(dòng)詞后,應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ); benefit是動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)是形容詞beneficial。意思為“對(duì)……有益的”。故填beneficial

5考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 評(píng)估這種新藥的臨床效果和安全性需要更大、更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的試驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), 此處為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),意思為“為了……”;根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)是動(dòng)詞evaluate,意思為“評(píng)估,評(píng)價(jià)”;不定式后接的動(dòng)詞原形,故填to evaluate。

6考查形容詞。句意: 災(zāi)難或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的英勇?tīng)奚c自我保護(hù)并不矛盾。這是人們基于他們的生命價(jià)值的選擇。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu), be動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語(yǔ);contradict是動(dòng)詞,形容詞為contradictory;根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)是短語(yǔ)be contradictory to,意思為“與……矛盾的”。故填contradictory

7考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。句意: 責(zé)任感和可靠性是成為任何社會(huì)中值得信賴的公民的基本條件。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),所填詞在句中作賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)是名詞形式;qualify 是動(dòng)詞,名詞形式為qualification;根據(jù)句意,此處是名詞qualification,意思為“資格,條件”;主語(yǔ) Responsibility and reliability”是指兩個(gè)條件,因此qualification應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填qualifications。

8考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意: 不要讓物質(zhì)的缺乏阻礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。世上無(wú)難事,只怕有心人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在介詞from后應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ);根據(jù)句意,此處是短語(yǔ)fulfill one’s dream,意思為“實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想”;故填fulfilling。

9考查名詞。句意:新的民意調(diào)查顯示,對(duì)總統(tǒng)的支持率達(dá)到了他上任以來(lái)的最低點(diǎn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在名詞所有格the President’s后應(yīng)是名詞;approve是動(dòng)詞,名詞形式為approval;此處名詞approval 修飾名詞rating;短語(yǔ)approval rating意思為“支持率”。故填approval。

10考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:拋開(kāi)這些政治沖突,中國(guó)人民對(duì)美國(guó)發(fā)生新冠肺炎疫情的受害者表示深切同情。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)是短語(yǔ)set aside,意思為“把……拋在腦后,不顧,擱置在一邊”;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ),表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。故填setting aside

現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ),表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明

現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用與伴隨狀語(yǔ)有些相似,但嚴(yán)格地說(shuō),它不是伴隨狀語(yǔ),因?yàn)樗磉_(dá)的情景不與句子的動(dòng)作相伴而產(chǎn)生,實(shí)際上,它起著補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句,但比分句簡(jiǎn)潔、明快。例如:

My train leaves at six,arriving in Chicago at ten.

My train leaves at six,and will arrive in Chicago at ten.

 The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.

The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.

All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem. (現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ))

他整夜躺在床上睡不著,思考著那個(gè)問(wèn)題。

如本題第10小題,用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)setting aside是作狀語(yǔ),表示對(duì)主句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。

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