Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物質(zhì)), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world.
“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
小題1:What might be the best title of the passage?
A．Signals of air pollution
B．Safety limits of air pollution
C．Air pollution, cancer risk
D．Air pollution, smog risk
小題2:What’s the main task of IARC?
A．To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B．To evaluate the air quality.
C．To study the developing risk of cancer.
D．To send signals to the international community.
小題3:Why should the international community take action without further delay?
A．The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.
B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C．Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:D

試題分析：這篇文章講的是空氣污染會造成癌癥的危險，評估空氣質(zhì)量的IARC的數(shù)據(jù)表明，全世界的人們不同程度的受到空氣污染影響，呼吁國際社會應該立刻采取行動。
小題1:標題確定題：從文章的內(nèi)容和第一段的句子;：Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens可知這篇文章講的是空氣污染會造成癌癥的危險，選C
小題2:細節(jié)題：從文章第三段的句子：“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,”可知IARC的主要目的是評估空氣質(zhì)量，選B
小題3:細節(jié)題：從文章最后一段的句子：“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,”可知國際社會應該立刻采取行動，因為全世界很多人暴露于空氣污染。選D
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A．unusualB．shockingC．influential D．encouraging
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Is crying good therapy? Experts say yes. Having a good weep at the weekend is becoming more popular among office workers in China.
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“Crying is a kind of therapy, but it needs some direction,” said Milulu, a psychologist.
“People should realize the point of crying is to relieve pressure, but some of the young people who come to the Cry Bar simply sit and weep. The purpose of crying is to make it easier to improve your life after the tears dry, not to get lost in bad memories.”
Crying is only one way of relieving pressure, and we need to face problems squarely and solve them once the tears have dried, said Mululu.
小題1:Crying _____ made Guo Meng feel better.
A．with some friendB．a(chǎn)ll the night with a toy
C．during her sleepD．in bed before sleep
小題2:According to the third paragraph, people usually make great efforts to_____.
A．get rid of their sadnessB．bottle up their feelings
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小題3:What should the customers do at the Cry Bar?
A．Think of every sad experience they’ve had and cry
B．Keep crying as loudly as long as possible.
C．Satisfy any desire to cry and weep until it is gone.
D．Hold back their tears until they can’t help but cry.
小題4:From the text, we can learn that crying ____.
A．is to relieve pressureB．must help to solve problems
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Not drinking enough means all these functions becomes damaged. So I decided to see how I would look and feel if I drank three liters of water every day for 28 days. The results were astonishing.
小題1:Which statement is Not True according to Paragraph 1?
A．The author drinks about a liter of liquid every day.
B．The author has something in common with a camel.
C．The author thinks she drinks enough water every day.
D．The author actually has plenty of water in her daily life.
小題2:Why did the author decide to drink the recommended amount of water?
A．Because she was very fond of doing experiments.
B．Because she was informed of the importance of drinking enough water.
C．Because her doctors forced her to do it.
D．Because she wanted to be cured of her stomachache.
小題3:The author’s lack of hydration caused the following physical responses Except_______.
A．shriveled lips
B．enough luster of her skin
C．dark shadows around her eyes
D．wrinkles and blotches on her face
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A．the more water one drinks, the healthier he is
B．drinking water makes ladies look younger
C．drinking enough water is key to one’s health
D．it’s necessary to follow specialists instructions
小題5:What will be probably written in the next paragraph?
A．The author gave up the experiment.
B．The author had his health greatly improved.
C．The author suffered a lot from the experiment.
D．The author felt very disappointed at the result.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You may have heard about the many benefits of yoga, but a recent New York Times story, has stirred up more than a little controversy in the yoga community.
"How Yoga Can Wreck Your Body," by science writer William J. Broad, quotes a long-time yoga teacher who "...has come to believe that 'the vast majority of people' should give up yoga altogether. It's simply too likely to cause harm." He goes on to describe a number of cases where people have been injured doing yoga, including himself.
The research in the article isn't groundbreaking: doing any form of exercise you could potentially hurt yourself. If you look at the injury rates of other physical activities, the number of injuries sustained from yoga would pale in comparison.
Practicing yoga is just like anything in life: You have to push yourself in order to grow. But you also have to know your limits and when you're breaking them. If you stick to your comfort zone, you'll never be able to increase your flexibility. If you push to the point where you're not only uncomfortable, but in real pain, you'll likely injure yourself.
The reasons that yoga causes "serious injury”, according to the Times story, range from students' physical weaknesses to inexperienced teachers pushing too hard to the growing number of inflexible "urbanites who sit in chairs all day" trying hard to twist themselves into difficult postures.
Yoga is called a "practice" for a reason. You don't have to be perfect. You don't have to tackle every pose. It doesn't matter if you can touch the floor with your palms during your first forward bend or your thousandth, or if you never get there.
We go to the mat to learn to better listen to what our bodies are telling us, and to better hear that quiet inner voice drowned out by the noise of our busy lives. It's a shame to discourage the majority of people from practicing yoga and missing out on all of the mind-body benefits that going to the mat has to offer.
小題1:The underlined word is best replaced by __.
A．InjureB．BenefitC．PushD．Shape
小題2:What does author mainly want to tell us in the 3rd paragraph?
A．All physical activities are equally harmful.
B．Yoga causes much less injuries than other physical activities.
C．Similar researches have been done before.
D．Yoga, like any other form of exercise, can hurt people.
小題3:Which is not mentioned among the reasons for yoga being likely to cause injury?
A．Teachers lack the knowledge of students’ limits.
B．Modern lifestyle decreases our flexibility.
C．The body doesn’t tell when you are in real pain.
D．Students themselves might not be in good physical condition.
小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards practicing yoga?
A．It’s a shame not to practice yoga.
B．One should push the limits in order to be perfect.
C．The majority should give up yoga for it may cause harm.
D．One should enjoy the physical and mental benefit that yoga brings.

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