Age has its special advantage in America. And one of the more impressive of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55－is automatically entitled to plenty of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility（資格）is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.
People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent（有支付能力的）. Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous（同義的）. Perhaps that once was true, but today, to be sure, there is economic variety within the elderly, and most of them aren’t poor.
It is impossible to determine the effect of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to income. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they directly annoy some politicians and scholars who consider it a coming conflict between the generations.
Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another point. Supported by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are refusing the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers. Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a powerful economic privilege（特權(quán)）to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.
It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enrich the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly ale ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the heart of the very thing older Americans are fighting against－discrimination by age.
【小題1】We learn from the first paragraph that   .

A．offering senior citizen discounts has become routine commercial practice
B．senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a good life
C．giving senior citizen discounts has increased the market for the elderly
D．senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount
【小題2】The reason to give the senior citizen discount is that   .
A．the elderly need humane help from society
B．businesses should do something for society in return
C．old people are entitled to special treatment for their contribution to society
D．the senior discounts can make up for the lack of the Social Security system
【小題3】What does the author think of the Social Security system?
A．It encourages elderly people to retire in time.
B．It opens up broad career chances for young people.
C．It benefits the old at the expense of the young.
D．It should be strengthened by laws and court decisions.
【小題4】What does the author mainly argue in the passage?
A．Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.
B．The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.
C．Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.
D．Discount should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.


【小題1】A
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】C

解析【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第一段得知什么？這種類型的題干還是找首段主題。第一段主要講述老年人購物時(shí)都能得到折扣，即A“offering senior citizens discounts ha形成這種現(xiàn)象的背后形成因素是什么？講到產(chǎn)生原因定為文中第二段，說“elderly”和“needy” 是同義詞，也就是說因?yàn)槔夏耆隋X不多了，我們社會(huì)要幫s become routine commercial practice”所表述的意義。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題。助她！即選項(xiàng)C“The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.”
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的大寫字母可以定位到原文四段首句。文中明確指出會(huì)把資源從年輕人傳遞到老年人處。然后回選項(xiàng)找到C “It benefits the old at the expense of the young.”
【小題4】主旨大意題。文中講述老人的優(yōu)惠價(jià)給我們帶來的不利影響，因此選D “Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.”為同義替換。而且may又是一個(gè)相對化概念的詞，幾乎都是正確答案。

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