A lady-Austria's Elfriede Jelinek of literature wins prize for her social commentary (評(píng)論).

For a writer, there is hardly any greater　 41　 than winning the Nobel Prize for literature.

And for a woman writer, receiving the prize is　 42 　 harder, for only eight women have won it since the prize was first　　43 　 in 1901.

Austria's Elfriede Jelinek is the ninth and the first　　44 　 1996.

The Stockholm-based Swedish Academy　 45　 last Thursday that Jelinek won this year's Nobel Prize in literature. She is　 46 　 for her socially critical (批判的) novels and plays.

Jelinek, 57, started her literary　 47 　 in 1967. She has written plays, novels and poetry. She is　 48 　 known for her autobiographical (自傳體) 1983 novel "The Piano Teacher",　 49 　 a movie in 2001.

The basic　　50　 of her work is the inability of women to live as people beyond the roles and personalities　　51 　 expected of them. Her　 52 　 struggle to lead lives not normally acceptable in　 53 　 . "The nature of Jelinek's texts is often hard to define (標(biāo)明界限). They shift　　54 　 prose (散文) and poetry, they　 55 　 theatrical scenes and film script," said the academy.

The Nobel Prize was　　56　 by Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. Nobel died in 1896 and　　57 　 his fortune of about US$920 million to a fund to　　58 　 people who have　 59　 other human beings. This year each prize　　60 　 US$1.3 million.

41. A. respect B. honor C. prize D. award

42. A. less B. quite C. too D. even

43. A. awarded B. got C. received D. accepted

44. A. in B. from C. since D. by

45. A. announced B. informed C. reminded D. recorded

46. A. considered B. hated C. proved D. recognized

47. A. career B. writing C. dream D. contribution

48. A. little B. best C. better D. less

49. A. turned into B. put into C. made into D. translated into

50. A. purpose B. theme C. object D. article

51. A. traditionally B. currently

C. generally D. fashionably

52. A. novels B. plays C. characters D. poems

53. A. literature B. works C. writers D. society

54. A. among B. between C. into D. from

55. A. include B. connect C. relate D. contain

56. A. started B. set up C. founded D. intended

57. A. gave B. left C. offered D. supplied

58. A. praise B. recognize C. honor D. recommend

59. A. hurt B. inspired C. excited D. helped

60. A. is worth B. is paid C. is spent D. is worthy

 41-45 BDACA 46-50 DABCB 51-55 ACDBD 56-60 CBCDA

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【小題2】
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【小題3】
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【小題4】
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【小題5】
A．lentB．a(chǎn)skedC．gaveD．moved
【小題6】
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A．visitB．understandC．catchD．help
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A．If B．ButC．AlthoughD．So
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C
How has smoking been controlled in recent years?
People were asked to stop smoking in a range of public places—such as doctors’ surgeries, cinemas, theatres and churches—over the second half of the 20th century but it was after the King’s Cross Underground fire on November 18, 1987, caused by a cigarette end which resulted in 31 deaths, that restrictions on smoking in public places gained rapid and widespread acceptance.
How did a ban on smoking in public places come into place?
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What is the current law?
Any person who smokes in enclosed public places, including pubs, offices, on public transport and work vehicles, is breaking the law. It does not extend to private houses. It is also an offence for people in charge of premises (營(yíng)業(yè)場(chǎng)所) to permit others to smoke in them.
How was it received?
It was welcomed by most organizations—except for some pub owners and restaurateurs. Many workplaces in the UK had already introduced smoke-free policies consistent with the legislation (法律，法規(guī)) before it was carried out, while others have gone beyond its basic requirements.
All railway facilities, including platforms, footbridges and other areas—whether or not fitting the definition of an enclosed public space—are covered, as are all football grounds and some cricket and athletics stadiums. School grounds are not required to be smoke-free under the legislation, but the majority now are.
How has it been forced?
Compliance (服從) in public premises has been high, with inspections suggesting that 99 per cent of places were sticking to the rules. The number of people charged for smoking in cars has been very low, which was due to the problems defining and identifying “work” vehicles. They said that a total ban on smoking in vehicles would end this confusion.
Has it improved health?
Studies in early adopters of the law, including in Scotland, suggest a reduction in hospital admissions for heart disease, which has been shown to be linked to passive smoking. There is also strong evidence of improved rates of smoking end and a drop in the number of cigarettes consumed by those who continue to smoke.
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C. The 1987 fire has convinced more people that smoking is bad for health.
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