分析 本文為一篇說明文,主要講述的是哈佛大學(xué)從自然界的昆蟲那里得到了靈感,設(shè)計開發(fā)了第一款機器蒼蠅.文章介紹了該項研究存在的困難,研究將要發(fā)展的方向和該研究會帶來的好處.
解答 72.C 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段最后一句"The added difficulty with a project like this is that…"可知,事實上那些元件沒有一件能現(xiàn)貨供應(yīng)的,要理解"be off the shelf"的用法,"they had no ready-made components"就是對本句的同義替換,故選C.
73.B 理判斷題.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容第三段"but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to,"said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power,computation,sensing and control systems."故選項A.是片面的,排除;根據(jù)第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知選項C.中的"from many sources"應(yīng)為 from many sites/places,故排除;選項D.的定位在第五段"Yet,the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications."可知,已經(jīng)大量應(yīng)用是錯誤的,故排除.縱觀三四兩段,尤其是第四段尾句"Basically it should be able to take off,land and fly around,"he said.可推斷出只有B正確,故選B.
74.D 推理判斷題.文章末段的"to study biology in ways…would be difficult with animals,but using these robots instead"可知,這些機器人可以替代動物,故D項正確.根據(jù)第四段"so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers'fields or on the battlefield."可知A選項錯誤,故排除.文章最后一段中指出"You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions,you know,to study biology …"he said.,并沒有說:不允許拿動物進行生物實驗,故排除B選項.根據(jù)文章最后一段"Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale."及"So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis."可知,以后會有更多的問題等待我們?nèi)ヌ剿鳎⒉皇钦f過去在研究昆蟲飛行方面常常方法很少,故C項排除.因此選D.
75.C 主旨大意題.A選項意為"機器人蒼蠅之父",文章的主題主要說明"機器人蒼蠅",故排除.B選項"來自工程學(xué)中的靈感"與文章的主題"機器人蒼蠅"關(guān)系不大,故排除.D選項"哈福大學(xué)在昆蟲研究領(lǐng)域的突破",并沒有點明主題"機器人蒼蠅",故排除.C選項既交待了"Robotic Fly"又講了與真實生活中昆蟲的關(guān)系,故選C.
點評 解答細節(jié)理解題時,一個常用的方法就是運用定位法,即根據(jù)題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子,與選項進行比較從而確定答案;推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思,又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷,力求從作者的角度去考慮,不要固守自己的看法或觀點.
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