Question

【題目】閱讀下面短文，回答文后的 5 個(gè)問題，并把答案寫在答題卡上。

Humans share Earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal and plant friends may not be around for much longer. According to a recent report on biodiversity, 1 million of Earth's 8 million species (物種) are in danger of extinction(滅絕).

Humans are mainly responsible for the danger. According to the report, the world's population has doubled in the last 50 years. Humans have used over a third of the world's land and 75% of fresh water to grow crops and keep animals. As a result, there are fewer habitats and fewer natural resources available.

Because of human activities, the global rate of species extinction over the past 50 years has been higher than it has averaged over the past 10 million years. The species extinction could have serious effects on ecosystems. We fail to notice when losing one species, then another, then… These are the types of changes we're observing where entire ecosystems break down. These developments lead scientists to believe that there could be a sixth mass extinction, the first to be caused by humans. No one want to experience one mass extinction like the one where the dinosaurs that died out last time.

Aimed at solving the problem, many countries have taken action. For example, China has banned the use of rhino horn and tiger bones, and the ivory trade, reported China Daily. According to Huffpost, there are things that we can do personally to save species. For example, don't buy products made from illegal ( 非法的)wildlife parts and reduce water waste. “Each individual action has an effect and every person can make a difference - through a mass we can turn the tide,” said Claudia Sobrevila, from Global Wildlife Program, according to official website of the WorldBank.

【1】What is the present situation of wildlife in the world?

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【2】Complete the following chart. (each with two words)

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【3】What might be the worst result if the situation continues?

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【4】(1) and (2) can make a difference in saving endangered species.(each with one word)

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【5】What’s the purpose of the writer?

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Answer 1

【答案】

【1】One million out of eight million species are in danger of extinction.

【2】(1) over-used/more land (2) over-used/more water (3) fewer habitats (4) fewer resources

【3】(There might be) a sixth/one mass extinction./ The ecosystem might break down.

【4】(1)governments/countries; (2)individuals/people/anybody/everybody

【5】To call on people to protect dying species.

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類活動(dòng)造成地球上的很多野生物種瀕臨滅絕，目前很多國家已經(jīng)展開拯救行動(dòng)，同時(shí)還指出個(gè)人也可以在拯救瀕臨滅絕的物種方面發(fā)揮作用。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“1 million of Earth's 8 million species (物種) are in danger of extinction”可知，地球上800萬種物種中有100萬種瀕臨滅絕，故答案為：One million out of eight million species are in danger of extinction.

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Humans have used over a third of the world's land and 75% of fresh water to grow crops and keep animals. As a result, there are fewer habitats and fewer natural resources available.”可知，人類利用了世界三分之一以上的土地和75%的淡水來種植莊稼和飼養(yǎng)動(dòng)物。結(jié)果，棲息地減少，可利用的自然資源減少，也就是說造成野生動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕的因素有：人類過度使用土地和水，動(dòng)物的棲息地和可利用的自然資源變得更少，故答案為：over-used/more land (2) over-used/more water (3) fewer habitats (4) fewer resources

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“These are the types of changes we're observing where entire ecosystems break down. These developments lead scientists to believe that there could be a sixth mass extinction,”可知，這些是我們觀察到的整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰的變化類型，這些發(fā)展使科學(xué)家們相信可能會(huì)有第六次大規(guī)模滅絕，也就是說如果情況繼續(xù)下去，最壞的結(jié)果可能是造成生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰或是再一次（第六次）大規(guī)模滅絕，故答案為：(There might be) a sixth/one mass extinction./ The ecosystem might break down.

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Aimed at solving the problem, many countries have taken action. For example, China has banned the use of rhino horn and tiger bones, and the ivory trade,”可知，為了解決這個(gè)問題，許多國家采取了行動(dòng)。例如，據(jù)《中國日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，中國禁止使用犀牛角和虎骨以及象牙貿(mào)易；再根據(jù)“Each individual action has an effect and every person can make a difference”可知，“每個(gè)個(gè)體的行動(dòng)都可以產(chǎn)生影響，每個(gè)人都可以有所作為，由此可知，國家（政府）和個(gè)人都可以在拯救瀕危物種方面發(fā)揮作用，故答案為：(1)governments/countries; (2)individuals/people/anybody/everybody

【5】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段可知，文章主要介紹了人類活動(dòng)造成地球上的很多野生物種瀕臨滅絕，目前很多國家已經(jīng)展開拯救行動(dòng)，同時(shí)還指出個(gè)人也可以在拯救瀕臨滅絕的物種方面發(fā)揮作用，因此這篇文章的目的是呼吁人們保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的物種，故答案為：To call on people to protect dying species.