When your pet has an emergency, first aid is not a substitute for veterinary（獸醫(yī)） treatment. However, before you are able to get your pet to a veterinarian（獸醫(yī)）, knowing some basic first aid can help.

Bite Wounds

Approach the pet carefully to avoid getting bitten. Wear a mask for the animal and then check the wound. Clean the wound with large amounts of saline(鹽水). If these are not available, then regular water may be used. Wrap large open wounds to keep them clean.

Bleeding

Apply firm, direct pressure over the bleeding area until the bleeding stops. Hold the pressure for at least 10 minutes. Avoid bandages that cut off circulation.

__________

Check to see if the animal is choking（窒息） on a foreign object. If an animal is not breathing, place it on a firm surface with its left side up. Check for a heartbeat. If you hear a heartbeat but not breathing, close the animal’s mouth and breathe directly into its nose—not the mouth—until the chest expands. Repeat 12 to 15 times per minute.

Burns

Wash the burn immediately with large amounts of cool, running water. Apply an ice pack for 15—20 minutes. Do not place an ice pack directly on the skin. Wrap the pack in a light towel or other cover. If the animal has large quantities of dry chemicals on it skin, brush them off. Water may activate some dry chemicals.

Fractures (骨折)

Symptoms include pain, inability to use a limb (腿). Wear a mask for the pet and look for bleeding. If you can control bleeding without causing more injury, then do so. Watch for signs of shock. Don’t try to set the fractures by pulling the limb. Transport the pet to the veterinarian immediately, supporting the injured part as best as you can.

1.The underlined word “substitute” in the first paragraph means something_________.

A. that is necessary

B. that can replace other things

C. that is familiar with us

D. that can calm people

2.What’s the suitable subtitle for the blank（空白處）?

A. Cutting

B. Breathing Stops

C. Poisoning

D. Suffering Heart Problems

3.If your pet is burned by chemicals, you should_________.

A. wash away the chemicals with saline

B. put an ice pack directly on the skin

C. bind up the cut with a bandage

D. get rid of them before washing

4.The passage is mainly about_________.

A. doing pet first aid

B. treating sick pets

C. dealing with an emergency

D. working as a veterinarian

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