Question

How is it that siblings （兄弟姐妹） can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family． The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later． The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival． The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too． One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father．
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918． But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives． Dr． Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings． The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents． But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development． Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”． 
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially． Love-hate relationships were common among the children． Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age． Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third． Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters． A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents．
小題1:In terms of language development, later-borns ________．

A．get their parents’ individual guidance

B．learn a lot from their elder siblings

C．experience a lot of difficulties

D．pick up words more quickly

小題2:What was found about fights among siblings?

A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing．

B．Siblings in some families fought frequently．

C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships．

D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights．

小題3:The word “feminine” （in Para． 4） means “_______”．

A．having qualities of parents

B．having qualities of women

C．having defensive qualities

D．having extraordinary qualities

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:B

試題分析：
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)題，由第二段的倒數(shù)第二行they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases 可以知道答案，所以選B
小題2:推理題，由倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．可以推出兄弟姐妹通過(guò)打架學(xué)著聚在一起，所以選D
小題3:推理題，由前面的句子Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree和后面的句子girls with sisters可以推出是有女人的特點(diǎn)，所以選B
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文說(shuō)明了兄弟姐妹有怎樣的不同，他們通過(guò)打架學(xué)著聚在一起，小的那個(gè)通過(guò)大的那個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)。先通讀全文，然后帶著問(wèn)題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。本文主要考查推理題，要求學(xué)生有很強(qiáng)的推理分析能力。