Scientists have recently discovered that mothers tend to hold their baby on the left. Of 255 right-handed mothers 83% held the baby on the left. And out of 32 left-handed women 78% held the baby on the left. As a control women were watched coming from supermarkets carrying baby-sized bags; the bags were held with no side preference.

Then dental patients were given a large rubber ball to hold during treatment. The majority held the ball to their left side even when it interfered with the dentist's activities. This suggested that in times of stress objects are held against the left side.

At that point something clearly contrary was observed. A large number of mothers who brought their premature (早產(chǎn)的) babies to a clinic were seen to hold their babies against their right side.

So 115 mothers who had been separated from their babies for 24 hours after birth were observed for holding response. The experimenters presented the baby directly to midline of the mother's body and noted how she held the baby. 53% placed the baby on the left and 47% on the right. And it was also noted that the mothers of the group who had held their baby on the left had already had a baby from which they had not been separated after birth.

Left-handed holding enables the baby to hear the heartbeat. In order to discover whether hearing the heart has a beneficial effect on the baby, the sound of a human heart-beat was played to 102 babies in a New York nursery for 4 days. A control group of babies was not exposed to heart-beats. The babies in the heart-beat group gained more weight and cried far less than the babies in the control group.

63. Scientists found that _____.

A. left-handed women tend to hold their babies on the right

B. more right-handed women than left-handed women tend to hold their babies on the left

C. only right-handed women tend to hold their babies on the correct side

D. women who hold their babies on the left are nearly all right-handed

64. What was "something clearly contrary"?

A. Mothers of premature babies held their babies on the correct side.

B. Mothers of premature babies took their babies to a clinic.

C. Mothers of premature babies were seen to hold their babies differently from other mothers.

D. Mothers of premature babies showed no side preference.

65. In one experiment 102 babies spent four days _____.

A. not exposed to heart-beats                                   B. in a control group

C. exposed to the sound of heart-beats                      D. in a New York heart-beat group

66. The experiments proved that _____.

A. mothers have an instinct to hold their babies on the left immediately after birth

B. mothers hold their babies on the left at times of stress

C. mothers of premature babies do not have the instinct to hold their babies on the left

D. mothers find it more comfortable to carry their babies on the left because the heart is on that side

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.

“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”，said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半導(dǎo)體). Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶體結(jié)構(gòu)) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?

A. He teaches chemistry at MU.

B. He developed a chemical battery.

C. He is working on a nuclear energy source.

D. He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.

Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________.

A. to show chemical batteries are widely applied.

B. to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.

C. to describe a nuclear-powered system.

D. to introduce various energy sources.

Liquid semiconductor is used to _________.

A. get rid of the radioactive waste

B. test the power of nuclear batteries.

C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries

D. reduce the damage to lattice structure.

According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______.

A. uses a solid semiconductor

B. will soon replace the present ones.

C. could be extremely thin

D. has passed the final test.

The text is most probably a ________.

A. science news report  B. book review

C. newspaper ad    D. science fiction story

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The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

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    People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.

The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding(繁殖) rights within the group," explains Marian Wrong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation."

The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.

It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.

 The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.

While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious. Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical(等級(jí)的) societies remain stable.

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C. the fish fattened up     D. the fish driven away

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A. fought over a feast        B. went on diet willingly

C. preferred some extra food  D. challenged the boss fish

68. What is the text mainly about?

A. Fish dieting and human dieting.

B. Dieting and health.

C. Human dieting.

D. Fish dieting. 

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What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others??The answer is“no”.It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist .You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter（木匠）.You will probably agree,too, that knowing how to investigate（調(diào)查）,how to discover information ,is important to everyone. The scientist ,however ,goes one step further ;he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works.?

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1.What makes a scientist according to the passage??

A.The tools he uses.

B.His ways of learning.?

C.The way he uses his tools.

D.The various tools he uses.?

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A.the importance of information

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C.the importance of thinking

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C.doesn't allow any change even under different conditions?

D.can be used for many purposes?

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B.The Theory of Relativity.?

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D.Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist.?

 

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Nowadays，scientists are working hard to find a best way of treating addictions ________ drugs.

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