5．Concussions（腦震蕩） are brain injuries that occur when a person receives a blow to the head，face，or neck．Although most people may feel dizzy，sick and sleepy at first，these symptoms often disappear after a few days．The long-term effects of concussions，however，are less understood and far more severe．Recent studies suggest that people who suffer multiple concussions are at a significant risk for developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy （CTE），a brain disorder that causes a variety of dangerous mental and emotional problems to arise weeks，months，or even years after the initial injury．These psychological problems can include depression，anxiety，memory loss，inability to concentrate，and physical aggression．The majority of people who develop these problems are athletes who participate in popular high-impact sports，especially football．Although both new sports regulations and improvements in helmet technology can help protect players，the media and fans alike bear some of the responsibility for reducing the incidence of these destructive injuries．
Improvements in diagnostic technology have provided a lot of evidence to link severe-and often fatal-psychological disorders to the head injuries players receive on the field．In response to the growing understanding of this danger，the National Football League （NFL） has revised its safety regulations．Players who have suffered a head injury on the field must give a"concussion sideline assessment"-a series of mental and physical fitness tests-before being allowed back to the game．In an effort to reduce the amount of head and neck injuries on the field，NFL officials have begun enforcing stricter penalty calls for helmet-to-helmet contact，leading with the head，and hitting a defenseless player．Furthermore，as of 2010，if a player's helmet is accidentally pulled off his head during a game，the ball is immediately whistled dead．There is hope that these new regulations，coupled with advances in helmet design，will reduce the number of concussions players suffer，thus controlling the number of CTE cases．
Efforts by the NFL and other professional sports leagues are certainly praiseworthy； indeed，we should commend every attempt to protect the mental and physical health of players．However，new regulations at the professional level cannot protect amateur players，especially young people．With appropriate equipment and form，tackling （擒抱） need not be dangerous．Proper tackling form-using the arms and shoulders to aim for a player's midsection（中間部分） rather than leading with the top of the head-should be taught at an early age．Youth，high school，and college leagues should also adopt safety rules even stricter than the NFL's．Furthermore，at an early age，athletes should be educated about the serious dangers of head injuries．
Perhaps the most important factor in reducing the number of brain injuries，however，lies not with the players，the coaches，or the administrators，but with the media and fans．Sports media producers have been used to showing the most aggressive tackles and the most intense plays．NFL broadcasts often replay especially violent collisions，while the commentators admire the physical ability of the players involved．Some sports programs even feature the countdowns of the hardest hit．When the media focuses on such dangerous behavior，professionals are rewarded for injuring each other on the field，and amateurs become more likely to try to imitate their favorite NFL athlete．Announcers，commentator，television producers，and sportswriters should engage in a collective effort to stop glorifying violent plays．In turn，fans should stop expecting their favorite players to put their lives online for the purposes of entertainment．Players must stop being encouraged to trade their careers，health，happiness，and their lives for the sake of a game．
63．According to the passage，the author believes thatB．
A．NFL officials have not completely carried out safety regulations
B．sports fans and the media share some of the blame for athletes'injuries
C．parents should warn their young children about the danger of playing football
D．doctors need to do more research about the long-term effects of CTE
64．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2？B
A．There is a close link between CTE and head injuries．
B．NFL officials have done a lot to address the problem of CTE．
C．Safety regulations should be strictly observed by football players．
D．Concussion sidelines assessments play an important role in protecting players．
65．The underlined word"amateur"in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to"A"．
A．inexpert
B．a(chǎn)ggressive
C．enthusiastic
D．strong
66．The author's tone in the passage can best be described asC．
A．a(chǎn)pologetic
B．confused
C．concerned
D．hopeless．
分析 本文講述了導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷的各種因素，認(rèn)為粉絲和媒體要對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的受傷負(fù)責(zé)，最后作者建議粉絲們要合理地對(duì)待他們喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，不要干擾他們的發(fā)揮．
解答 63-66 BBAC
63．B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解．根據(jù)"the media and fans alike bear some of the responsibility for reducing the incidence of these destructive injuries．"可知，體育迷和媒體要對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的受傷承擔(dān)部分責(zé)任．故選B．
64．B 考查段落大意．根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，美國(guó)國(guó)家橄欖球聯(lián)盟的官員們?yōu)榻鉀QCTE的問(wèn)題做了很多工作．故選B．
65．A 考查詞意猜測(cè)．根據(jù)后面的"especially young people"可知，這里指的是不熟練的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，尤其是年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員．所以該詞的意思是"不熟練"．故選A．
66．C 考查作者意圖．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷的原因進(jìn)行分析，講述了可能導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)揮失常的種種原因，可見(jiàn)作者對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員很關(guān)心．故選C．
點(diǎn)評(píng) 閱讀理解考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．
