Translation

Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.在很多方面，我們所學(xué)的知識與我們將來的生活息息相關(guān)。（basic）

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2.如今教育的任務(wù)之一是使每個(gè)學(xué)生在其畢業(yè)之后有獨(dú)立生活的能力。（enable）

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3.現(xiàn)代科技還不夠發(fā)達(dá)，以至于不能解釋宇宙中的萬事萬物。（so...as to）

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4.沒有證據(jù)表明經(jīng)理將名單上別人的名字換成了他自己的。（substitute）

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5.近來，許多學(xué)生和老師對那些在考試中作弊的學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該受到懲罰進(jìn)行了熱烈的討論。（whether）

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1. What we have learned is basic to our future life in many ways./The knowledge we have learned is basic to our future in many aspects.

2. One of the tasks of education today is to enable every student to obtain the ability of living independently after graduation.

3. Modern science and technology is not so advanced as to be able to account for/explain everything in the universe.

4.There is no evidence that it was the manager who/that substituted someone else’s name for his on the list.

5. Recently many students and teachers have had a heated discussion on whether the students who cheated in the exams should be punished.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均勻的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

     "We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."

     According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

     The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

     It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."

     In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

The discovery shows that Westerners      .

    A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

    B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

    C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions                                     

What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The participants in the study.        B. The researchers of the study.

C. The errors made during the study.    D. The data collected from the study.                    

In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .

A. do translation more successfully       

B. study the mouth more frequently

C. examine the eyes more attentively      

D. read facial expressions more correctly    

What can be the best title for the passage?

    A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding                                              

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年遼寧盤錦市第二高級中學(xué)高二第一次階段考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.
I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work.
Different from popular belief, we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as ‘mentalese’ ), and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language. But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry (織錦)，writing can only be composed one thread at a time. Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.
When people write as if some strict critics (批評家) are looking over their shoulder, they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it, as wonderful and worth putting down. It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.
【小題1】What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?

A．They often regret writing poor works.
B．Some of them write surprisingly much.
C．Many of them hate reading their own works.
D．They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions.
【小題2】What do people generally believe about the way human minds work?
A．People think in words and sentences.
B．Human ideas are translated into symbols.
C．People think by connecting threads of ideas.
D．Human thoughts are expressed through pictures.
【小題3】What can we conclude from the text?
A．Most people believe we think in symbols.
B．Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable.
C．The writers and critics can never reach an agreement.
D．Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年廣東省汕頭市金山中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期中英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450－1600.The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values. Fulfillment in life—as opposed to concern about an afterlife—became a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned(皺眉頭) on. Artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
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The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
【小題1】What is the passage mainly about?

A．The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance.
B．The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance.
C．The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style.
D．The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance.
【小題2】The underlined word “now” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.
A．1855
B．the period of the Renaissance
C．the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome
D．the time at which the author wrote the passage
【小題3】It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of ________.
A．spirituality in everyday life
B．communication among artists across Europe
C．a(chǎn) cultural emphasis on human values
D．religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes
【小題4】What can be inferred about the music of ancient Greece and Rome?
A．Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts.
B．It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences.
C．It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry.
D．It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed.
【小題5】According to the passage，why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?
A．It did not contain enough religious themes.
B．It had little emotional impact on audiences.
C．It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.
D．It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年高考考前強(qiáng)化練習(xí)詞匯辨析專練一百零五 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

.What a _______ that dress makes! She looks very pretty now.

A．transplant

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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年湖南省高一上學(xué)期第三次階段性測試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解

Now I’m a senior high school student in Grade Two . I feel that school life is a little hard , just as my friends said . However , a hard life doesn’t have to mean a boring one at all .

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Wang Tian enjoys Tuesday afternoons more than any other time of the week . Why ? Well , that’s when Wang and 47 other members of the DIY ( do it yourself ) club learn to make things such as rondo flowers ( 絲網(wǎng)花 ) and cross-stitch（十字繡）. Wang also knows how to knit scarves and make clay accessories（小飾件）. They even sell their products to raise money for poor students !

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I like my school life very much . And I believe whether a life is meaningful or not depends on the person who leads it .

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ?

A． The members in the DIY club sell their products to raise money for the club .

B． There are more members in the DIY club than in the translation club .

C． Chen Mo joined the street dance club and played an important part in it .

D． The members of the translation club meet on Tuesday afternoon .

2. How many clubs are mentioned in the passage ?

A． 5

B． 6

C． 7

D． 8

3.The underlined word dynamic in Paragraph 4 means __________.

A． energetic

B． helpful

C． challenging

D． attractive

4. If you want to improve your English , you’ll probably join the _______.

A． DIY club

B． science club

C． drama club

D．translation club

5.We can infer that _____________.

A．the writer feels the new school life is hard

B．the writer’s friends feel the new school life is hard

C．the writer is pleased with his new school life

D．every student leads a meaningful life in the new school

 

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