Popeye the Sailor first became a popular cartoon in the 1930s. the sailor in that cartoon ate lots of spinach to make him strong. People watched him, and they began to buy and eat a lot more spinach. Popeye helped sell 33 percent more spinach than before! Spinach became a necessary part of many people’s diets. Even some children who hated the taste began to eat the vegetable.
Many people thought that the iron in spinach made Popeye strong, but this is not true. Spinach does not have any more iron than any other green vegetable.
People only thought spinach had a lot of iron because the people who studied the food made a mistake. In the 1890s, a group of people studied what was inside vegetables. This group said that spinach had ten times more iron than it did. The group wrote the number wrong, and everyone accepted it.
Today, we know that the little iron in spinach cannot make a difference in how strong a person is. However, spinach does have something else which the body needs—folic acid.
It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along.
小題1:A good title for this reading passage is______.
A．Popeye the Sailor
B．The Truth About Spinach
C．A Mistake with Numbers
D．Folic Acid Makes You Strong
小題2:Why did many people eat spinach after they saw Popeye the Sailor?
A．People liked folic acid.
B．They thought Popeye was funny.
C．Spinach had a lot of iron.
D．They thought spinach made them strong.
小題3:A research group told people that spinach______.
A．made Popeye strong
B．was a green vegetable
C．had less iron than other green vegetables
D．had more iron than other green vegetables
小題4:The reading passage says that perhaps Popeye got his strength from______.
A．ironB．spinachC．folic acidD．exercise

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:C

試題分析：從二十世紀(jì)三十年代動(dòng)畫片《大力水手》的播映以來(lái)，菠菜成了人們餐桌上必不可少的一道菜，人們都認(rèn)為菠菜所含的鐵會(huì)賦予人力量。事實(shí)上，菠菜里含的鐵并不比別的蔬菜多，只是菠菜中的葉酸才能夠使人身體強(qiáng)壯，在本文中作者揭示了這一事實(shí)。
小題1:主旨大意題。文章開頭提出《大力水手》的播映使得人們一致認(rèn)為菠菜會(huì)給人神奇的力量，然后下文指出this is not true.，接下來(lái)作者講述了有關(guān)菠菜的事實(shí)，由此可知文章中心內(nèi)容是糾正人們對(duì)于菠菜錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)識(shí)，故答案選B。
小題2:推理判斷題。動(dòng)畫片中的大力水手吃了菠菜后會(huì)力大無(wú)窮，看過這個(gè)動(dòng)畫片的人們也把菠菜當(dāng)成了他們餐桌上一道必不可少的菜，由此推斷人們認(rèn)為菠菜真的會(huì)讓他們身體強(qiáng)壯，所以選D。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段This group said that spinach had ten times more iron than it did. The group wrote the number wrong, and everyone accepted it.可知研究人員提出了菠菜比其他綠色蔬菜含鐵更多的觀點(diǎn)，答案選D。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末段It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along. 可知葉酸會(huì)給人提供能量，或許大力水手的力量就是由此而來(lái)的，故答案選C。
考點(diǎn) ：考查科普類閱讀。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Two­thirds of the world's major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to  store water and provide power.In the US，there are more than 85,000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams，besides all their attractive benefits，also have negative impacts.Creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded.Communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.
Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds；however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water.Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Downstream(在下游方向)of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.Many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.Disputes have been continuing between India and Pakistan，and Turkey，Syria and Iraq，for example.
Dams don't just block the flow of water.They also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物)flows.Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem.The fertility of the entire system can be influenced，with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，which are sinking into the oceans.Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the city to sink，and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.The result is that sea level rises in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
小題1:The Hoover Dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show________.
A．dams play an important role in our life
B．dams have impacted the flow of the rivers
C．dams make people lose their land and houses
D．dams have many benefits as well as side effects
小題2:What effects does creating a reservoir have on people's life?
a．People will see fewer birds on the sides of the rivers.
b．Farmers will have less water to irrigate their fields.
c．Visitors can't visit some cultural relics any more.
d．More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e．More kinds of fish will become extinct in future.
A．a(chǎn)，c　B．c，e
C．b，e　D．b，c
小題3:With many dams built across the rivers，fish ________.
A．will find more places to lay their eggs
B．will face a dangerous habitat
C．will be fed on more sediments rich in nutrients
D．will find it easier to deal with the rise of water
小題4:How can dams influence large cities like Shanghai?
A．Their entire system will be influenced.
B．The rainy season will last longer.
C．They will lie below sea level in future.
D．Rich soils will be washed away.
小題5:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Environmental loss of dams.
B．Cultural loss of dams.
C．Economic gain of dams.
D．Environmental benefits of dams.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2013·高考北京卷，D)People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.The findings，based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，”said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation­seeking (尋求刺激) or impulsive (沖動(dòng))they were.They then evaluated the participants’multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensation­seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity，but because they’re distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation­seekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”
小題1:The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask________.
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．a(chǎn)re more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
小題2:When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they________.
A．a(chǎn)ssessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．a(chǎn)nalyzed the effects of the participants’tricky mental
tasks
D．measured the changes of the students’understanding ability
小題3:According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their________.
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
小題4:From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually________.
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for difficult tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It's going to be a chaotic(混亂的)day. How do I know? It’s Monday. OK, joking. But, I do predict that today will be filled with the normal last-minute tasks, fire drills, and unforeseen events. So, how do you keep yourself from being swept away in the stream of chaos? How do you remain calm while others are rushing and panicking? There's a problem… Panic! When things don't go as planned, how do you react? Are you the calm one who works to fix things? Or the one running around like Chicken Little screaming that the sky falling? Getting upset or alarmed can seem like natural reactions to a problem.
Here are a few tips to kelp you remain calm in the face of the storm:
? Don't Panic  You are better able to find a solution if you   aren't panicking. If you can keep your head when others are losing theirs, you will be able to make a dear decision in the chaos.
? There Aren't Many True Emergenaes   My time as a Naval Officer taught me a­bout true emergencies. In the military, when there is a problem, people can get hurt or die. This is not usually the case when the office copier or email server goes down. Keep things in perspective. There are very few true emergencies in life.
? Avoid the "Fight or Flight"   When you are stressed, your body will want to go into "fight or flight." Your body was designed to keep you safe from danger, but its natu­ral reflexes aren't always the best solution against a project gone away. Keep your emotions in check and ensure that your physical reflexes don’t make bad decisions for you.
? Head Into The Problem    While everyone else is running away, true leaders walk into a problem. Sticking your head in the sand only makes things worse. Instead of trying to ignore the situition, get to the heart of the issue as soon as possible. Only then can you address it
How Will You React? When you find yourself ready to lose it, take a step back. Ask, "In this truly an emergcncy?" Keep your head when others are losing theirs. And you'll find that you are that much closer to a solution.
小題1:The author writes the first paragraph in order to______.
A．describe a chaotic dayB．a(chǎn)dvocate a way of lifeC．introduce a topicD．make a joke
小題2:In order to make a wiser decision in the chaos, you should _____.
A．low your headB．keep your headC．shake your headD．stick your head
小題3:The example of the author's time as a Naval Officer is used to illustrate_____.
A．there are seldom true emergencies in life
B．there are many true emergencies in life
C．some emergencies are really urgent
D．some emergencies can't be predicted
小題4:What would the best title for the passage?
A．Fight or Flight
B．True emergencies
C．Less Talking, More Doing
D．Keep calm in the face of the storm

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Henry was not   at math. Even when the teacher explained something a second time, he still couldn’t     it.
“Never mind. I’ll sit    the boy who’s the best at    ,” Henry thought, “and      his answers.”
The day of the exam    , and Henry sat next to Allan,     was    at the top of the class in math. Henry copied Allan’s answers     his own exam paper. At the end of the exam, the teacher said, “Well, boys and girls, I’ve decided to give a red    to the student who got the    grade. It’s     for me to decide who I’ll give the star to, however,       two students, Henry and Allan, got the     grade.” After a moment she went on, “       I’ve decided to give the star to    this time.”
Henry was _  __ when he heard this. He stood    and said, “But I got the same grade as Allan, madam.”
“That’s    .” The teacher said. “However, Allan’s answer to Question 6 was ‘I don’t know.’, but    was ‘Nor do I.’ .”
小題1:
A．wellB．bestC．betterD．good
小題2:
A．retellB．understandC．rememberD．a(chǎn)nswer
小題3:
A．in front ofB．besidesC．behindD．next to
小題4:
A．English B．ChineseC．scienceD．math
小題5:
A．checkB．chooseC．keepD．copy
小題6:
A．endedB．cameC．overD．start
小題7:
A．whoB．thatC．whomD．which
小題8:
A．neverB．a(chǎn)lmost C．sometimesD．a(chǎn)lways
小題9:
A．inB．onC．a(chǎn)tD．onto
小題10:
A．starB．coatC．penD．book
小題11:
A．leastB．bestC．lowestD．highest
小題12:
A．unusualB．easyC．hard D．important
小題13:
A．becauseB．though C．untilD． if
小題14:
A．lowB．highC．differentD．same
小題15:
A．SoB．BecauseC．AndD．But
小題16:
A．nobodyB．HenryC．AllanD．a(chǎn)nybody
小題17:
A．a(chǎn)fraid B．worriedC．pleasedD．a(chǎn)ngry
小題18:
A．outB．upC．forD．by
小題19:
A．wrongB．trueC．OKD．a(chǎn)ll right
小題20:
A．yoursB．mineC．hisD．others’

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Boys at the top of the pecking order(長(zhǎng)幼次序) either by birth or because their older brothers died score higher on IQ tests than their younger brothers. 
Norwegian researchers now report that it’s a matter of what they call social rank in the family that gives the first born the highest scores or, if the first born had died young, the next oldest. 
Kristensen and Bjerkedal studied the IQ test results of 241,310 Norwegian men drafted(征兵) into the armed forces between 1967 and 1976. All were aged 18 or 19 at the time. 
The average IQ of first-born men was 103.2, they found second-born men averaged 101.2, but second-born men whose older brother died young scored 102.9. And for third-borns, the average was 100.0. But if both older brothers died young，the third-born score rose to 102.6.
The findings provide “evidence that the relation between birth order and IQ score is dependent on the social rank in the family and not birth order as such.” they concluded.
It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed since at least 1874,when Sir Francis Galton reported that men in noticeable positions tended to be firstborns more often than would have been statistically (統(tǒng)計(jì)) expected.
Since then, several studies have reported higher intelligence scores for firstborns, while other analyses have questioned those findings and the methods of those reports.
“These two researchers prove that how study participants(參與者) were raised, not how they were born, is what actually influences their IQs,” said Sulloway, an American professor, who was not part of the research team.
“The elder child pulls ahead,” he said, “perhaps as a result of learning gained through the process of tutoring younger brothers and sisters”. 
“The older child benefits by having to organize and express its thoughts to tutor youngsters”, he said, “while the later born children may have no one to tutor.”
小題1:According to Norwegain researchers’ finding, which of the following is linked to boys’ IQ?
A．Birth orderB．Position in the family
C．Parents’ social rankD．Educational experience
小題2:What does the sentence “It’s an issue that has been hotly discussed” underlined in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Many people take interest in IQ study.
B．IQ study has gone further and further.
C．Many people do research on boys’ IQ.
D．Opinions are divided on the conclusion.
小題3:According to Kristensen and Bjerkedal’s test results, parents can make youngsters smarter by ________.
A．treating them as the oldest child
B．teaching them as the oldest child
C．talking to them as much as possible
D．encouraging them to express thoughts

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists who discovered a new way of generating electricity from water say they may have come across an alternative source of clean energy to rival wind and solar power.
The breakthrough, which scientists say is the first new way to generate electricity in 160 years, could lead to batteries that use water instead of poisonous substances.
The scientists made the discovery when they were investigating what happens when tap water is forced through extremely narrow glass tubes. Water squeezed down the tubes, each of which was narrower than a tenth the thickness of a human hair, generating a small electric current that ran the length of the tube. To produce a larger electric current, the team tried forcing water through a glass water filter(濾水器)that contained thousands of narrow channels lined up side by side. “When we took a syringe(注射器)of water and squeezed it through the filter, we got enough power to light a light bulb,” said Larry Kostiuk of the University of Alberta in Canada. “The harder you push the syringe, the more electric current you get.”
The current is produced because of an effect in the glass tubes. When they are filled with water, positively charged ions(陽(yáng)離子)fixed in the tubes are washed away, leaving a slight negative charge on the glass surface. When water is then forced along the tube, the surface repels negatively charged ions in the water while positively charged ions are attracted down the tube. The result is a net flow of positively charged ions that sets up an electric current.
According to Dr Kostiuk, no one has ever thought to use water to produce electricity in this way. “The last time someone came up with a way of generating electricity was Michael Faraday in 1839,” he said. “So this is the first new way of generating electricity in 160 years, which is why we are so excited about it.”
Dr Kostiuk says water batteries might one day be used to power mobile phones and calculators, but admitted that the engineering challenges might make other applications more realistic. “You’d need to be sure it wouldn’t leak, and you’d need to make sure it wouldn’t freeze,” he said.
More likely would be to install the electricity-generating devices where water is already being pumped, such as at city water filtration sites, he said. “It could compete with wind and solar power,” he added.
小題1:What does the passage mainly want to tell us about?
A．A kind of solar power discovered by scientists.
B．A kind of new energy source found in tap water.
C．The breakthrough to generate electricity 160 yeas ago.
D．A kind of new battery invented without poisonous substances.
小題2:The underlined word “repels” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A．rejectsB．identifiesC．a(chǎn)ttractsD．rebels
小題3:Why were the scientists extremely happy about their new discovery?
A．They were the first to find a new way to produce electricity.
B．They could make an electric current to light a light bulb.
C．Their discovery could be used to invent water batteries.
D．Their discovery was made 160 years earlier than Faraday’s.
小題4:What can we infer about potential water batteries?
A．They must be used to power mobile phones and calculators.
B．They have some possible disadvantages like water leaking.
C．They would be needed greatly at city water filtration sites.
D．They would be better than wind and solar power.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



Today, when a fire breaks out, you can be sure a citizen with a cell-phone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter, or sent it to the media. But up to now, that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most: police, firefighters and building-security people who must respond, and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes, if not seconds.
That's about to change. A one-year old company called Elerts has developed a system that's designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger. The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app（應(yīng)用軟件）is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public-safety warnings. And Elerts is offering a management console（控制臺(tái)）for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions, like a map with the best evacuation route（疏散路線）.
The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo, deputy fire chief in the coastal town of Hull, Mass. As mobile communications sped up, he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public, particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.
"Remembering situations when communications failed puts a pit in my stomach," Mr. Russo says. Last summer, he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy, who went into a bathhouse but didn't come out. First responders feared an abduction （綁架） on the beach or shark attack. The child's mother, who didn't speak English well, was so sad that she couldn't remember what color shorts he had on. Mr. Russo had no photo of the child, and no ability to turn to beachgoers.
Two long hours later, the boy was spotted by a low-flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break. "If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy, the happy ending might have come much sooner," Mr. Russo said.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．A moving story of Chris Russo．B．An app for reporting emergency．
C．A cell-phone instant service．D．An app for firm management．
小題2:What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A．Makes me feel frustrated．B．Causes a stomachache．
C．Arouses my interest．D．Leaves a hole in my stomach．
小題3:We can infer from the passage that emergency workers ____．
A．have to carry out rescue work in minutes
B．must send images and details immediately
C．need images and detailed information badly
D．have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details
小題4:The author takes Chris Russo's experience as an example to ____．
A．a(chǎn)dvertise his creativity in communication
B．show readers the working principle of the new system
C．make the passage more interesting to read
D．inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval (準(zhǔn)允), he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way. Several weeks ago, I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines. I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he would concentrate better. He sat but seconds later, as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it, he got up again. I was getting frustrated (受挫), but then it hit me. I started noticing his answers were much quicker and accurate when he stood up. Could he be more absorbed while standing up?
This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to success. This child would have the willpower to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life.
Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities, and all you can do is loving and accepting them. As parents, throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders, guiding them and helping them find their way.
I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate. Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine. We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things. Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations. There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique (獨(dú)特的). It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life. 
小題1:Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him ______.
A．work fastB．go politeC．stay relaxedD．keep attentive
小題2:The underlined “it” (in the first paragraph) probably refers to ______.
A．his son’s doing better while standing up
B．his failure in keeping his son under control
C．his own experience as a school boy
D．his disappointment with his active child
小題3:By this passage, the author attempts to tell other parents to ______.
A．correct their kids’ manners from the early ages
B．respect and trust their kids’ ways of behaviors
C．develop a good relationship with their children
D．guarantee their children’s freedom at home
小題4:Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A．Parental help with teens’ study
B．Adult influence on teen growth
C．Kids’ success in their own styles
D．Friendship between generations

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