Question

Friendship is one of the basic bonds (紐帶) between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.

　　Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft (失去). If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to articulate（清楚表達(dá)） their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.

　　“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.

　　As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Extroverts (性格外向者) enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas introverts（性格內(nèi)向者）are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.

　　Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of intimacy (密切) is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one’s life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on reciprocity（相互性）, honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.

53. The second paragraph implies that _____..

　 A. teenagers without friends will suffer from psychological problems

　 B. a widow or a widower will die very soon without companionship

　 C. human beings need companionship and a sense of belonging

　 D. both A and B

54. The degree of intimacy of friendship mainly depends on _____ .

　 A. age 　　　　　　　　　 B. belonging　　　　 C. personality 　　　　　　 D. culture

55. The author thinks that close friends _____ .

　 A. can be easily formed when one is young 　　　　 B. cannot be long-lasting

　 C. are not rare for everyone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. are rare for most people

56. The word “irrespective”(Last sentence, Para. 5) means _____ .

　 A. not respecting 　 　B. dishonoring 　　　 C. regardless 　 D. considering

Answer 1

53.【解析】［C］推斷題。本文討論了友誼的重要性。不論是青少年還是老年人，都需要朋友的陪伴。沒有人是孤立的，每個(gè)人都是社會(huì)的一部分，都需要他人的愛、陪伴和關(guān)心。文章第二段表明人都需要陪伴和歸屬感。文章第二段提到?jīng)]有朋友的青少年和喪偶的老年人常常會(huì)有心理問題，并提到陪伴和歸屬感是他們共同的需求，所以C為正確答案。答案A和B都過于武斷，作者只是說一般而言，并沒有說一定會(huì)，所以不對(duì)。

54.【解析】［C］細(xì)節(jié)推理題。友誼的親密程度主要取決于人的個(gè)性。見第四段第二句，“The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals .。.”所以C為正確答案。
55.【解析】［D］細(xì)節(jié)推理題。作者認(rèn)為多數(shù)人的親密朋友并不多。見第五段第三句，“Close friends can be formed at any stage in one?s life but they are usually very rare”在人生的任何階段都可以交到親密的朋友，但數(shù)量通常很少，由此推斷D為正確答案。
56.【解析】［C］詞匯題�！癷rrespective”(第五段最后一句)這個(gè)詞語的意思是“不論，不考慮”。見最后一句，“Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on .。.”不論親密的程度如何，任何友誼都是建立在互惠、誠(chéng)實(shí)和一定的友愛和關(guān)懷的基礎(chǔ)之上的。根據(jù)上下文，可推測(cè)出這個(gè)詞語的意思是“不論，不考慮”。所以C為正確答案。(