Question

7．In 1958，Jean Berko Gleason，an American psycholinguist，created an experiment called the Wug Test．It investigated how children learn to make plural forms of nouns in English like cats，dogs，and horses．The children were shown imaginary words in the singular and asked to change the word into their plural forms．There are three ways of pronouncing the"s"that comes after plural nouns in English； it can be pronounced like/z/，/s/，or/iz/．The most common sound is the/z/sound like in dogs，then the/s/sound like in cats，then the/iz/sound like horses．
In the experiment，the child was presented with a picture of some kind of pretendcreature．He or she was told that the creature was a"wug"．The experimenter said，"This is a wug．"Another card was pulled out with another wug，and the experimenter said，"Now there are two of them．These are two…？"Children who understood the proper use of plural form for nouns ending with a"g"would say，"They are two wugs，"with a/z/sound．Very young children were often confused by this and said"Two wug．"Generally，children who were 4 years or older got the question right．The researchers also carried out several other experiments to create plural forms ending with the/s/sound and with the/iz/sound and found that children usually learned these rules later in their lives because they are not as common as the/z/sound plurals．
The Wug Test also included questions that explored a child's understanding of the proper use of verbs and the suing of the possessive，such as"This is Rob's bike．"Possessives are parts of grammar that show ownership．Also，the children were prompted to use the"-er"suffix （后綴）of a noun to demonstrate a person's job，such as someone who drives is a"driver"．Again，the children were given a nonsense word，this time"zib"．The researcher asked the child，"A man who‘zibs'is a…？"Some young children replied"zibber"，but many young children replied"zibman"．
The Wug Test demonstrated that even very young children have established grammatical systems that allow them to make plurals，possessive，and other forms of words that they have never heard before．This test was the first of its kind to prove that children learn their language akills naturally without needing to be taught grammar rules．
32．The author introduces Jean Berko Gleason as a psycholinguist in order toBA．explain why she used imaginary words for the experiment
B．show that she was interested in how the mind learns language
C．suggest that she studied the language of the mentally ill
D．state that she illustrated the pictures used in the experiment
33．The underlined word"pretend"is closest in meaning toA
A．a(chǎn)rtificial         B．domestic            C．incorrect          D．living
34．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE about the Wug Test？C
A．It was an experiment to show that children must be taught the rules of language
B．It investigated whether children could use English verbs to show ownership
C．It examined how children learned complex language rules （ like forming plurals ）
D．It proved that children acquire/z/-sound possessives before/s/-sound ones
35．The passage probably comes fromD．
A．a(chǎn) book review                           
B．a(chǎn)n official documentary
C．a(chǎn) biography of Jean Berko Gleason           
D．a(chǎn) language learning journal．

Answer 1

分析 本文通過講述心理語言學(xué)家Jean Berko Gleason做了一個(gè)關(guān)于語法規(guī)則的調(diào)查，告訴我們孩子們學(xué)習(xí)語法規(guī)則非常自然，而不是被教會(huì)的．

解答 BACD
32   B     細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文章第一 段It investigated how children learn to make plural forms of nouns in English 可知Jean Berko Gleason通過測(cè)驗(yàn)想了解孩子們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)會(huì)語法規(guī)則的，故選B．
33    A     猜測(cè)詞義題．  根據(jù)文章第二 段He or she was told that the creature was a"wug"． 可知孩子們并不知道這種動(dòng)物，故選A人造的一種動(dòng)物．
34    C    細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文章最后一段The Wug Test demonstrated that even very young children have established grammatical systems that allow them to make plurals，possessive，可知這個(gè)測(cè)驗(yàn)證明甚至小孩在大腦中已經(jīng)建立了語法系統(tǒng)，故選C．
35    D    細(xì)節(jié)題．通讀全文可知這是一篇關(guān)于孩子們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí)語法規(guī)則的，故選D．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．