11．Here is an amazing fact：Of the 1.1million firefighters in the United States，about 780，000are volunteers．Roughly a third of the population is （41）D by mostly-or all-volunteer firefighters．
Also  （42）A，perhaps．Sometimes they have to pay for their own gear（設(shè)備）．
I （43）B this because I volunteer as a firefighter in Durango，Colorado．I responded to more than 50calls in 2014，everything from wildfires to car accidents．In that period，I spent close to＄1，000on the gear not（44）B by my department，things like higher-quality flashlights，knives，and better gloves，which make my （45）D easier．
In January 2015，a bill was （46）B in Congress that would give a significant tax break to those who volunteer their time and take （47）D action to the fire or other dangerous situations．I hope it passes，not because it will put some money in my pocket （48）C that will be nice，but it will ease the （49）C burden on volunteers and acknowledge their time commitment．I believe it will  （50）A more people to help．And there's a（n）  （51）B for that．
In rural areas where population density（密度）is low and （52）C calls for fire and EMS services are rare，it just doesn't （53）D to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7（全天候）．（54）C，volunteers are used to fill in the （55）D．We are ready to help someone on what is the worst day of their life．（56）C we have never met before，and might never again，but it doesn't matter in a crisis．（57）B volunteers，the whole system would collapse．
There's a T-shirt that is popular among us，reading"For Pride，Not （58）B"We volunteer because we know our （59）A need us．We don't need a small tax break．Without one，we'll still put on our gear when the alarm goes off without （60）C．But we'd appreciate one，and if it gets more people to join us，it's worth it

41．A．guidedB．inspiredC．supportedD．protected
42．A．surprisedB．a(chǎn)musingC．confusingD．disappointing
43．A．predictB．understandC．proveD．a(chǎn)nalyze
44．A．replacedB．suppliedC．a(chǎn)ssignedD．a(chǎn)fforded
45．A．a(chǎn)ctionB．lifeC．projectD．job
46．A．a(chǎn)pprovedB．introducedC．a(chǎn)bolishedD．revised
47．A．favorableB．negativeC．generalD．immediate
48．A．whetherB．unlessC．thoughD．because
49．A．physicalB．mentalC．financialD．social
50．A．encourageB．persuadeC．requireD．a(chǎn)llow
51．A．purposeB．necessityC．passionD．explanation
52．A．a(chǎn)bsolutelyB．graduallyC．relativelyD．practically
53．A．take the leadB．make a differenceC．come as a surpriseD．make sense
54．A．OtherwiseB．NeverthelessC．InsteadD．Besides
55．A．timeB．holeC．formD．gap
56．A．EspeciallyB．CertainlyC．ProbablyD．Frankly
57．A．Except forB．But forC．In spite ofD．In case of
58．A．RespectB．PayC．SympathyD．Experience
59．A．communitiesB．neighborsC．friendsD．members
60．A．thoughtB．wordC．hesitationD．reason

分析 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文．在美國，一半以上的消防員都是志愿消防員．為此，政府打算通過一項(xiàng)法案對(duì)志愿消防員進(jìn)行納稅優(yōu)惠．

解答 41-45DABBD    46--50 BDCCA 51-55  BCDCD   56--60 CBBAC
41．D．動(dòng)詞辨析．消防隊(duì)是保護(hù)公民的，此處指在美國，約三分之一的人受到隊(duì)員大部分或全是志愿者的消防隊(duì)的保護(hù)（protected），故選D
42．A．形容詞辨析．根據(jù)語境可知，此處指或許同樣令人吃驚的是他們有時(shí)還得自己花錢買裝備．文章首句中的"amazing"是提示，故選．
43．B． 形容詞辨析   根據(jù)空后的"because I volunteer as a firefighter in Durango，Colorado"可知，因?yàn)槲沂侵驹赶绬T，所以我明白（understand）這一點(diǎn)，故選B
44．B． 動(dòng)詞辨析． 自己花錢買的裝備原本應(yīng)該是由所屬的消防部門提供（supplied）的，故選B
45．D． 名詞辨析． 根據(jù)語境和常識(shí)可知，救生設(shè)備會(huì)讓消防員的救援工作（job）更加簡(jiǎn)單，故選D
46．B． 動(dòng)詞辨析．  根據(jù)下文中的"I hope it passes"可知，此處指的應(yīng)是在國會(huì)上提交法案．introduce"將（法案）提交討論"，符合語境．a(chǎn)pprove"贊成，批準(zhǔn)"；abolish"廢除，廢止"；revise"修訂"，故選B
47．D．  形容詞辨析． 據(jù)常識(shí)可知，消防員應(yīng)第一時(shí)間對(duì)火災(zāi)或其他危險(xiǎn)情況做出反應(yīng)．immediate"立即的，即時(shí)的"，符合語境，故選D  
48．C．  副詞辨析．    由本空前的"not because"可知，我希望這項(xiàng)法案能通過，不是因?yàn)檫@將增加我的收入，而是因?yàn)檫@將減輕志愿消防員的經(jīng)濟(jì)（financial）負(fù)擔(dān)以及承認(rèn)他們?cè)跁r(shí)間上的付出．此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，though符合語境，故選C．
49．C．  形容詞辨析  參見上題解析．上文中的"they have to pay for their own gear（設(shè)備）"是暗，故選C       
50．A．名詞辨析 此處指我相信這項(xiàng)法案的通過將會(huì)鼓勵(lì)（encourage）更多的人加入進(jìn)來．文章最后一句中的"gets more people to join us"是提示，故選A
51．B．名詞辨析    下文提及的一些社區(qū)的需求判斷，此處指的應(yīng)是（我們）需要更多的人當(dāng)志愿消防員．necessity"需要，必要"，故選B     
52．C． 副詞辨析 人口密度小的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，火警和EMS服務(wù)的呼叫相對(duì)較少．relatively"相對(duì)地"符合語境，故選C
53．D． 名短語詞辨析  據(jù)語境可知，在那些地區(qū)，有一周七天、一天24小時(shí)提供服務(wù)的專職消防員是不合乎情理的（make sense），故選D
54．C． 副詞辨析 據(jù)上文中的"In rural areas where population density is low…to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7（全天候）"可知，此處指志愿消防員反而（Instead）能填補(bǔ)這個(gè)空缺（gap），故選C
55．D．名詞辨析 據(jù)上文中的"In rural areas where population density is low…to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7（全天候）"可知，此處指志愿消防員反而（Instead）能填補(bǔ)這個(gè)空缺（gap），故選D
56．C． 副詞辨析．我們可能（Probably），從未見過，可能也不會(huì)再見，但這都不重要，故選C]
57．B．名詞短語辨析  要不是（But for）志愿消防員，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)都會(huì)崩潰，故選B
58．B．  名詞辨析    上文說志愿消防員要自掏腰包負(fù)擔(dān)裝備，因此此處指這些志愿消防員不是為了錢（Pay），故選B．
59．A． 名詞辨析．我們當(dāng)志愿消防員是因?yàn)槲覀兊纳鐓^(qū)（communities）需要我們，故選A 
60．C．名詞辨析． 由 空前的"Without one，we'll still put on our gear when the alarm goes  off"可推斷，此處指即使沒有稅收優(yōu)惠，當(dāng)警報(bào)響起時(shí)，我們依然會(huì)毫不猶豫地穿上裝備．without any hesitation"毫不猶豫地"，符合語境，故選C

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考生應(yīng)在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，瞻前顧后，分析這一空格處在 句中的地位，前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用，認(rèn)真觀察選項(xiàng)，仔細(xì)推敲，確定最佳答案．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

20．Winners of the third Healthy Lunchtime Challenge came to the White House on Friday，July 18，for a Kids'State Dinner hosted by First Lady Michelle Obama．They all came from America for a meal that featured a selection of kid-created recipes （食譜）．
       Mrs．Obama told the winners and their parents that they set a strong example．The First Lady advised winners to"pay it forward"like last year's winner from Delaware，10-year-old Braeden Mannering．He helped the homeless get food and clean water．
President Barack Obama made a surprise appearance at the event．He spoke about the First Family's favorite food．"You guys are leaders in your schools，"the president told the kids，"and you're helping to teach people the importance of good nutrition （營(yíng)養(yǎng)），the importance of putting good food in your bodies so that you're living healthy，active lives．"
The Healthy Lunchtime Challenge was open to young people between the ages of 8 and 12 and their parents．The competition received about 1，500 recipes．They were judged in the first round on nutritional value，taste，creativity and affordability，and the story behind the recipe．Chefs then prepared the recipes in a second round of judging．The winners were chosen by a group of judges that included great chefs and nutritionists，etc．
Before heading for the White House，the winners and their families visited the National Museum of American History to see the Food exhibit and received healthy breakfast bags from the Walmart Foundation．After the dinner，the group headed for a tour of the White House Kitchen Garden．They all had a wonderful time．
48．What can we learn about this year's Kids'State Dinner？D
A．It was held at a famous school．
B．Some school leaders were invited．
C．It was hosted by President Obama．
D．Some winning recipes were served．
49．President Obama spoke at the event toB．
A．describe his food         
B．praise the winners  
C．introduce healthy lives           
D．explain the importance of nutrition
50．According to Paragraph 4，the Health y Lunchtime ChallengeD．
A．was open to students only     
B．a(chǎn)imed to create delicious dishes
C．included only chefs among its judges  
D．took stories behind recipes into consideration．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：填空題

1．The hospital has to treat thisemergency（emergent）as soon as possible．

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