【題目】短文改錯

文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞作斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot．I was in greatly pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the class was over．Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates．As result, the hurt in my foot became worse．Now I know I was wrong．We can tell others our need for help and accept his help．Some day we can not help others in return．In this way, we can get along to each other happily and peacefully.

【答案】

【1】while -- when

【2】greatly -- great

【3】has --- had

【4】walk --- walking

【5】but --- and

【6】As result --- As a result

【7】was ---am

【8】his---their

【9】去掉not

【10】to --- with

【解析】

試題分析：本文講的是作者腿受傷了但是拒絕同學(xué)的幫助，最終腳傷變得更嚴(yán)重了，得出我們在需要的時候要尋求他人幫助并在別人需要幫助的時候回報(bào)別人。

【1】while -- when考查連詞。while改為when 連詞while后面只能接延續(xù)性動詞，而本題后面的fall down是一個短暫性動詞，故使用when。

【2】greatly -- great考查形容詞。此處修飾pain，修飾名詞用形容詞。

【3】has --- had考查動詞。nothin后面接had 虛擬語氣，本句是對過去發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行描述，如果as if后面的內(nèi)容是假的，就使用過去完成時的形式。

【4】walk --- walking考查動詞。固定句式have some difficulty doing sth做某事有困難。

【5】but --- and考查連詞。連詞although不能和but連用。此處表并列，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折。我沒有告訴任何人并拒絕我的同學(xué)的幫助。

【6】As result --- As a result考查固定搭配。固定搭配as a result結(jié)果是

【7】was ---am 考查be動詞。本句是指我知道我過去所做的事情錯了，故使用一般過去時。

【8】his---their 考查代詞。這里的their是上句的others，用復(fù)數(shù)。

【9】去掉not考查情境。句意是：我們有一天能夠幫助別人作為回報(bào)，應(yīng)用肯定，而不是否定。

【10】to --- with考查介詞。get along with與某人相處融洽，只有這樣，我們才能快樂地和平地與他人相處。

【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】

在短文改錯中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤主要有以下幾類：

1. 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。

2. 動詞：時態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時，中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動詞后無賓語，或是不及物動詞后加了賓語；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第三句Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom考查動詞。固定句式have some difficulty doing sth做某事有困難。故把walk --- walking

3. 形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；關(guān)系副詞where， when， why等的缺失或錯用。比如第二句I was in greatly pain at that moment，考查形容詞。此處修飾pain，修飾名詞用形容詞。故把greatly – great。

4. 介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯用。比如最后一句In this way, we can get along to each other happily and peacefully. get along with與某人相處融洽，只有這樣，我們才能快樂地和平地與他人相處，故把to --- with。

5. 主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。

6. 冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the。

7. 數(shù)詞：主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯用。

8. 連詞：不合句中的邏輯關(guān)系。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞（如but）的時候用了承接連詞（so），或相反等等。比如第三句Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates．連詞although不能和but連用。此處表并列，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折。我沒有告訴任何人并拒絕我的同學(xué)的幫助。故把but --- and。

9. 代詞：主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反；應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯用或缺失。比如第六句We can tell others our need for help and accept his help．這里的their是上句的others，用復(fù)數(shù)。故把his---their。

10. 常用固定短語或固定用法及句型用錯。比如第四句As result, the hurt in my foot became worse．考查固定搭配。固定搭配as a result結(jié)果是，結(jié)果是我的腳傷更嚴(yán)重了。

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