Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.

     Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺） that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.

     Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth.

     Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛蟲） bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.

     Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的） leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液） A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.

57. The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals________.

A. are not tall enough                          B. like the lower leaves only

C. can get the lower leaves easily                       D. are not clever enough  

58. To defend themselves, oak trees use________.

A. chemical means                                   B. sandy materials

C. bitter chemicals                                    D. physical means

59. How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?

A. Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked

B. Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.

C. Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.

D. Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.

60. What would be the best title for this passage?

A. Plants and Animals                          B. How Plants Defend Themselves

C. Attacks and Defenses                              D. How Animals Eat Plant Leaves

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科目：高中英語 來源：河南省新鄉(xiāng)市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試試卷（英語） 題型：閱讀理解


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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省寧海外國語學(xué)校2010屆高三高考模擬英語試題（一） 題型：閱讀理解


C
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Douglas Adams was born in Cambridge in March 1952, educated at Brentwood School, Essex and St John's College, Cambridge where, in 1974 he gained a BA (and later an MA) in English literature.

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B．Douglas Adams and The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy

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D．Douglas Adams’s personal lives

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C．The Restaurant at the End of the Universe and So Long and Thanks for all the Fish

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B．the author’s personal favorites

C．a(chǎn) zoologist and his worldwide experiences

D．searching for rare and endangered species of animals

5.Which of the following statement is not true?

A．Douglas Adams died at the age of 49 and he was memorized by his fans.

B．Douglas Adams was the youngest author to be selected as one of the first Best of Young British Novelists.

C．John Lloyd was one of the authors of the two books, The Meaning of Lifeand The Deeper Meaning of Life.

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A．tell people to be careful with their things

B．show how many things are lost or found

C．help people find the things they have lost

D．list the information about the lost things

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B．To test whether they can raise the animals well.

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在第56至60題中，Susan, Mike, Jane, George和Tom正計劃參加一個夏令營。閱讀下面六個夏令營的介紹（選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D、E和F），選出符合各人需求的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。

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______________________________________________________________

Summer’s almost here, and a summer camp near you

provides piles of summer fun…

 

 

A

☆CALIFORNIA：Log Cabin Wilderness Camp Getaway (L.A. Area Council, 233 Scout Way, Los Angeles, CA 90026; [213]413-4400): Backpacking（背背包徙步旅行）is the top activity at this camp, including classes in backpacking stove（火爐）operation, back country first aid, water purification（凈化）,and map and compass skills.

B

☆  WISCONSIN: Gardner Dam Scout Camp (Bay-Lakes Council, P. O. Box 267, Appleton, WI 54912; [920]734-5705): Whitewater canoeing（激流獨(dú)木舟運(yùn)動）is offered if you want to have fun on the river. A 35-mile overnight mountain biking trip is for those who prefer to stay on dry land. The camp is for boys and girls 12-18.

C

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D

☆  IDAHO: Camp Aspen Ridge (Trapper Paths Council, 1200 East 5400 South, South Ogden, UT 84403; [801] 479-5460): Horseback riding and hillwalking are popular on the paths. Swimming, canoeing, rowing and fishing activities are offered on the lake. Learn about the culture and have fun!

E

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F

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