Question

Chinese scientists have found a new way to use cells found in human urine （尿液）that could aid in the treatment of a range of nerve disorders.That is a new technique for reprogramming cells in human urine into nerve progenitor cells  that can grow into multi-functional nerve and brain cells.

The technique is expected to be used in the study and treatment of nerve disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other nerve disorders.

Pei Duanqing, a professor at Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said his research team has combined an episomal system to deliver reprogramming factors with a chemically defined culture medium to reprogram kidney epithelial(腎表皮) cells in urine into NPCs.

These NPCs, normally only found in the human brain, were later proven to be transgene-free and self-renewing, he said.

"These nerve and brain cells can survive for up to one month when transplanted into the brain of a newborn rat," said Pei. "My team is working hard to understand why our experimental condition allowed the urine cells to become NPCs, because we want to improve the technique and make it more efficient".

Scientists have long searched to treat and study neural disorders by obtaining and transplanting neural stem cells. However, the previous method of getting and using cells from either fetal (胎兒)or adult human tissue remains challenging due to ethical concerns and immune system rejections, he said.

Pei hopes the discovery will be used to generate NPCs from patients with nerve disorders such as Parkinson's disease. "These NPCs from patients may help us discover new drugs for these diseases."

"It is a remarkable advance in the stem cell field. The results and methods obtained from this study will be of great value and significance to the field, " said Fred Gage,a professor with the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. NPCs are beneficial in treating human diseases.

B. Chinese scientists succeeded in making NPCs from human urine.

C. Chinese scientists have found cures for all diseases.

D. A new technique was used to study the use of human urine

2.Pei and his tean try their best to work hard in order to       .

A. make more contributions to medical study

B. discover another new technique

C. make the technique more perfect

D. treat more patients suffering from bad diseases

3.What is the challenge of making NPCs in the previous method?

A. The ethical comcerns and immune system refusal

B. The difificulties in getting cells from human.

C. The under-developed techniques in medical science.

D. The lack of financial support from the government.

4.From the last paragraph we can infer       .

A. the new technique will be developed in science

B. the results and methods will be applied to treating cancers

C. the study will give a major push to the stem cell field

D. the mew technique will bring great profis

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：據(jù)美國科學(xué)生活網(wǎng)LiveScience報道，中國科學(xué)家近日發(fā)明了一種全新制造腦細(xì)胞的方法，這種方法比之前抽取人體血液制造腦細(xì)胞的方式更為簡單安全。最令人稱奇的是，這種新方法居然是通過收集人體自然排泄尿液中的腎臟內(nèi)表皮細(xì)胞來制造新的腦細(xì)胞。

1.主旨題：從全篇文章和第一段的句子：Chinese scientists have found a new way to use cells found in human urine （尿液）that could aid in the treatment of a range of nerve disorders.可知這篇文章介紹中國科學(xué)家成功的從人的尿液中制作NPCs ，選B

2.細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章第五段的句子：My team is working hard to understand why our experimental condition allowed the urine cells to become NPCs, because we want to improve the technique and make it more efficient".

可知Pei和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在盡力工作為了使這項(xiàng)技術(shù)更完美，選C

3.細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章倒數(shù)第三段的句子; However, the previous method of getting and using cells from either fetal (胎兒)or adult human tissue remains challenging due to ethical concerns and immune system rejections, he said.可知以前制造NPCs 的方法中的挑戰(zhàn)是對倫理的擔(dān)心和排異反應(yīng)，選A

4.推理題：從最后一段的句子："It is a remarkable advance in the stem cell field. The results and methods obtained from this study will be of great value and significance to the field,可知這項(xiàng)研究會對干細(xì)胞領(lǐng)域是很大的推動。選C

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