17.So long as teachers fail to tell teaching from learning,they will continue to undertake to do for children what children can do for themselves.Teaching children to read is not simply passing reading on to them.Certainly we shouldn't have spent endless hours in activities about reading.Douglas insists that"reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible."
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes.They differ in kind and function.The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient(效率高的) system for teaching themselves to read.Teaching is also public activity.It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language.Almost all of it is private,for learning is an occupation of the mind,and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge?Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions."Make learning to read easy,which means making reading a meaningful,enjoyable and frequent experience for children."
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are,and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately,then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated(消除).Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.Practice makes perfect,you know.

72.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is thatD.
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses
B.students spend endless hours in reading
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading
73.The underlined word"scrutiny"in the third paragraph probably means"B".
A.a(chǎn)greement          B.observation
C.control            D.distance
74.According to the passage,learning to read will no longer be a difficult task whenA.
A.children become very active in reading activities
B.teacher and learner roles are thought important
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D.reading enriches children's experience
75.The main idea of the passage is thatC.
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D.reading is more complicated than generally believed.

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀,作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了作者認(rèn)為閱讀的能力是習(xí)得的而不是老師教的觀點(diǎn),當(dāng)孩子對閱讀活動有興趣時,學(xué)習(xí)就變得簡單了.

解答 72.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段"Teaching children to read is not simply passing reading on to them.Certainly we shouldn't have spent endless hours in activities about reading"可知閱讀的過程是花了太多時間在閱讀的教學(xué)上;故選D.
73.B.詞義推斷題.根據(jù)文章第三段"Almost all of it is private,for learning is an occupation of the mind,and that process is not open to public scrutiny"句意為幾乎所有的都是私人的,因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)是一種思想的職業(yè),而這個過程是不開放的,由此可知scrutiny是觀察的意思,不開放的即不能讓公眾觀察的;故選B.
74.A.推理判斷題、根據(jù)文章最后一段"Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading"學(xué)習(xí)閱讀變得比較容易,當(dāng)老師創(chuàng)造一個環(huán)境,讓兒童有機(jī)會解決學(xué)會閱讀通過閱讀問題,可知孩子對閱讀活動有興趣時,學(xué)習(xí)就變得簡單了;故選A.
75.C.主旨大意題.通讀全文,根據(jù)文章第一段""reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible"可知本文的主題是閱讀的能力是習(xí)得的而不是老師教的;故選C.

點(diǎn)評 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.

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