According to sociologists(社會學家)，every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(階層)．Class，power and status are important in deciding people’s rank in society.
Class means a person’s economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class，middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined，they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class，and 1% the upper class.Interestingly，a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!
Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously，people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power，but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand，however.For example，the governor of a state has great power，but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相應的)economic class.Generally，however，there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge，there aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the U．S.Senate!
Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society.It can also be affected by power and class，but not necessarily so.For example，a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.
小題1:What can we learn about“the middle class”from Paragraph 2?
A．People earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.
B．Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class.
C．People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.
D．Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.
小題2:According to the text，we know that________.
A．power and class do not always correspond with each other
B．status refers to a person’s economic position in society
C．people with high status have a lot of control over others
D．class is less important in deciding a person’s social rank
小題3:．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:A
　本文是一篇說明文，用“總—分”的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)介紹了等級、權(quán)力和身份在人類社會等級排列中的重要性。
小題1:解析：選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“46% the middle class”可知B項是正確的。根據(jù)本段最后一句中的“a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class”可知A項片面了，而公共汽車司機是自己把自己看成是中層階級，所以C項是錯誤的。根據(jù)本段第三句中的“sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined”可知社會學家對階層的定義也不明確，故D項錯誤。
小題2:解析：選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第三句“Power and class do not always go hand in hand...”可知權(quán)力和等級并不總是相對應的，故A項為正確答案。由第二段第一句知B項中的status應改為class。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句“It can also be affected by power and class，but not necessarily so.”可知C項是錯誤的。通讀第一段、第三、四段可知D項是錯誤的。
小題3:解析：選A。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段總述了三個方面(class，power，status)在定義階層中的作用，第二段(class)、第三段(power)和第四段(status)分別敘述了它們的作用，文章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分”式，所以選擇A項。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Did you know that the first documented use of OMG(oh my god)was in 1917, or that LOL was once a common term meaning little old ladies in 1960? That's what the world learned when OMG, LOL, and FYI (for your information) were added to the Oxford English Dictionary last week. This dictionary is considered by many to be the reference book that defines the English language.
Words added to the Oxford English Dictionary are truly considered new members of the language. People invent new words all the time, but only a few become popular enough to get defined in dictionaries.
Typed online or in text messages, LOL, FYI, and OMG are initialisms,_which can be said aloud letter by letter, like LOL, which now stands for Laugh Out Loud.Faster to type than the full phrases, initialisms like these have been used online since the 1990s. But these three online terms are now spoken outside the Internet too, making them different from other online lingo( 行話). Dictionary editors decided the words are used so commonly that they had to be defined this year.
Another important addition to the dictionary this year was ?， as in “I ? NY.” This is the first graphic (圖形的 ) symbol ever defined in the Oxford English Dictionary.The editors added ? as a verb under the definition of “heart”， meaning “to love”．
Some slang words — informal language used more commonly in speech than in writing — were also added, like wassup, a shortened way to say “What's up”. Even words that have been in use for many years like biker and happy camper were finally added to the dictionary.
The Oxford English Dictionary now defines more than 600,000 words.That adds up to more than 21,730 pages! Guinness World Records calls it the longest dictionary in the world.The Oxford English Dictionary is known for recording words of all kinds—popular, outdated, and even foreign words used by English speakers throughout the language's long history.
小題1:The text is mainly about that ________.
A．expressions like LOL and FYI have been added to the Oxford English Dictionary
B．English words change their meaning as time goes by
C．English language is becoming more and more difficult to learn
D．the Oxford English Dictionary breaks the Guinness World Record
小題2:Which of the following is NOT included in the facts that the Oxford English Dictionary has been updated?
A．Some online terms are added to it.
B．A graphic symbol is first introduced into it.
C．Some slang words are collected in it.
D．Some old words are left out.
小題3:What does the underlined word “initialisms” refer to?
A．Words having foreign origins.
B．Words made from the first letters of several words in a phrase.
C．Uncommon words frequently appearing on the Internet.
D．Official words used in formal documents with capital letters.
小題4:Before any new word is added to the Oxford English Dictionary, it must be ________.
A．spread widely across the Internet
B．used commonly by the dictionary editors
C．used commonly in either spoken or written language
D．a(chǎn) short word

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A Korean wave is sweeping across China, with many Chinese women worshipping South Korean actors Kim Soo Hyun and Lee Min Ho as demigods (半神半人). Chinese netizens have always been divided over South Korean TV dramas, but there is no doubt that programs from the neighboring country are now enjoying a new round of popularity in China. And a big part of the credit for that goes to You Who Came From The Star, the South Korean TV series which is on the air now.
Top South Korean actors Jun Ji-hyun and Kim Soo Hyun recently earned a popularity rating of 24.8 percent in their country, considered strong by Nielsen Korea. You Who Came From The Star and The Heirs have been subjects of hot online discussions throughout Asia. Besides, the book, The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane, read by the hero in You Who Came From The Star was a hard-to-get item on Amazon for a while.
The two TV programs have several common elements: a tall, handsome, and rich hero who loves the heroine blindly and always protects her, and an equally handsome man madly in love with the same woman. Both programs portray the purity of love, which is expressed through a kiss or a warm hug. Perhaps that’s the secret of their success; perhaps people are still fascinated by Cinderella-type stories.
The growing wealth gap is a matter of social concern both in South Korea and China, and the challenges that young people face in their search for a better life might have prompted (激起) many ordinary girls to dream of marrying rich, caring men. This is precisely what the popular South Korean TV dramas portray. In fact, South Korean TV dramas are tailored to meet the market’s demands.
In contrast, Chinese TV screens are flooded by knock-off (山寨) or poorly made soap operas. There are too many Chinese TV dramas that are either of the stereotyped (刻板的) war theme or just blindly copy foreign programs. The lack of good stories has resulted in loads of TV series on time travel or fights in the harems (后宮) of Qing Dynastyemperors. These, in short, are the pain of Chinese TV productions.
The shooting for South Korean productions generally starts when the scripts (腳本) are just one-third ready. Many popular productions have their own websites, where scriptwriters post part of the finished scripts, inviting viewers to leave messages, discuss the plot and come up with suggestions for future events. This not only keeps viewers’ interest in the TV dramas alive, but also helps scriptwriters and directors make changes to the storylines to suit the audience’s demand.
Hopefully, the innovation-induced (創(chuàng)新引導的) success of South Korean TV programs will prompt Chinese TV drama makers to think up new ideas and abandon their bad practice of copying foreign productions in order to attract more viewers at home, and possibly abroad.
小題1:The main point the author emphasizes in this passage is ________.
A．why Korean actors are more popular than Chinese actors
B．how the three Korean actors became famous around East Asia
C．what modern TV dramas need is not copying foreign programs but innovation
D．the Cinderella-type stories are an ever-lasting theme people are fascinated with
小題2:Which of the following best explains people’s favor for The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane?
A．The celebrity effect is powerful.
B．Drama stars are the best advertisements.
C．Rich and handsome heroes in dramas usually love reading.
D．A successful drama generally originates from a good novel.
小題3:According to the passage, the secret to Korean TV dramas’ being successful is that ________.
A．drama stars must be tall, rich and handsome or beautiful
B．scriptwriters should choose the appropriate themes for all viewers
C．drama producers have creative ideas to adapt to viewers’ interest and demand
D．people’s concerns such as wealth gap both in Korea and China are taken good care of
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A．Abandoning copying foreign productions is the only way to attract viewers.
B．The Chinese TV drama makers should follow in the footsteps of the Koreans.
C．It’s hard to predict what the future TV dramas in China and Korea will be like.
D．A bright future of Chinese TV dramas can be expected prompted by the Koreans.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Inland waters may be grouped into two general classes: standing waters and flowing waters. As is often the case, the boundary between these two classes is not sharp and clear. A pond is an example of standing water. But most ponds are fed by springs or brooks and most have an outlet. Thus some current of changing water flows through them. On the other hand, a river is an example of flowing water. In some places, however, a river may have such a slow current that it is very difficult to detect.
Standing inland waters differ in size, in age, and in many abiotic environmental characteristics. They range in size from roadside puddles to the Caspian Sea. Puddles may last for only a few days or weeks; ponds, for a few hundred to a thousand years. In general, lakes are older, though the waters of some tropical “l(fā)akes” disappear completely during each dry season. Standing waters vary from very shallow to very deep, from clear to muddy, from fresh to salty.
In flowing waters we roughly distinguish between brooks, creeks, and rivers. The size and age of flowing waters are unimportant. Speed of flow, clearness, oxygen content, and other chemical characteristics are used by scientists in studying flowing-water ecosystems.
小題1:According to the passage, which of the following characteristics of flowing waters is unimportant?
A．Clarity.B．Size.C．Speed of flow.D．Oxygen content.
小題2:The word “abiotic” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ______.
A．nonlivingB．livingC．coastalD．inland
小題3:Which of the following statements is true?
A．Usually the water in a river flows into a pond.
B．Scientists only study flowing-water ecosystems.
C．Usually ponds last much longer than puddles.
D．The Caspian Sea is considered as an example of flowing water.
小題4:From this passage we may know that the distinction between standing waters and flowing waters ______.
A．depends on how people name the waters
B．is clear
C．depends on the seasons
D．is hard to make
小題5:This passage mainly tells us that ______.
A．there are two major classes of inland waters
B．lakes and rivers are flowing waters
C．a(chǎn)ge and size of flowing waters are important
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

At this special rate，you'll save more than 73％ off the cover price with our Continuous Renewal Guarantee ! You'll also get FREE access for 6 months to the Reader's Digest Digital Edition for iPad or Kindle Fire，with your paid subscription(訂閱)．
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4-6 weeks for delivery of your first issue．Free access to the iPad edition is available one time only
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小題1:You will save around________ against the cover price with Continuous Renewal Guarantee in
two years．
A．$46B．$73C．$23D．$71
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A．If you stop the continuous renewal，you can’t take the money back．
B．If you continue to subscribe it，the former service will expire．
C．If you want to stop the service，you can visit the website to cancel it．
D．If your credit card can’t be charged，delivery of issues will directly be stopped．
小題3:We can know from the advertisement ＿＿＿＿.
A．only readers in America call get the discount
B．1-year subscription covers 12 issues and free delivery
C．a(chǎn)ll subscribers will be guaranteed to get free iPad editions
D．if you Pay money，you can access the digital edition without limit
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A．To sell Reader’s Digest Digital Edition．
B．To offer customer service to readers．
C．To introduce subscription to Reader's Digest．
D．To recommend continuous renewal subscription．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In Africa, listening is a guiding principle .It’s a principle that’ been lost in the constant chat of the Western world .From my own past experience , I noticed how much faster I had to answer a question during a TV interview .It is as if we have completely lost the ability to listen .We talk and talk , and we end up frightened by silence .
Everywhere, people on the African continent write and tell stories. Even the nomads(流浪者)who still live in the Kalahari Desert are said to tell one another stories on their daylong wanderings, during which they search for roots and animals to hunt.
A number of years ago I sat down on a stone bench outside the Teatro Avenida in Maputo, Mozambique, where I worked as an artistic consultant. It was a hot day, and we were taking a break, hoping that a cool gentle wind would move past. Two old African men were sitting on that bench, but there was room for me, too. In Africa people share more than just water. Even when it comes to shade, people are generous.
I heard the two men talking about a third old man who had recently died. One of them said, “I was visiting him at his home. He started to tell me an amazing story about something that had happened to him when he was young. But it was a long story. Night came, and I decided that I should come back the next day to hear the rest. But when I arrived, he was dead.”
The man fell silent. I decided not to leave that bench until I heard how the other man would respond to what he’d heard. Finally he, too, spoke. “That’s not a good way to die—before you’ve told the end of your story.”
What separates us from animals is the fact that we are storytelling creatures and we can listen to other people’s dreams, fears, joys, sorrows, desires and defeats—and they in turn can listen to ours.
Many people make the mistake of confusing information with knowledge. They are not the same thing. Knowledge involves the interpretation of information. Knowledge involves listening.
Many words will be written on the wind and the sand, or end up in store. But the storytelling will go on until the last human being stops listening. Then we can send the great record of human out into the endless universe.
Who knows? Maybe someone is out there, willing to listen…
小題1:From the very beginning of the passage, we can know Europeans ________.
A．a(chǎn)ctually lose the ability to listen
B．seldom chat constantly with each other
C．feel frightened when they are alone and silent
D．tend to talk more and listen less
小題2: It can be inferred from the passage that if you are in Africa, you will _______.
A．suffer hot weather and lack of water
B．be certainly helped when in trouble
C．often hear the stories told by strangers
D．have no choice but to listen during a talk
小題3:According to the last three paragraphs, we can know _________.
A．no one knows exactly why Africans are willing to listen
B．information is hard to understand without interpretation
C．listening makes the difference between information and knowledge
D．the existence of humans’ recordings totally depends on the way of storytelling
小題4:The passage mainly talks about __________.
A．the experience of the author
B．the art of listening in Africa
C．the importance of storytelling
D．the life styles of Africans

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A week ago, I had the great pleasure of reading an e-book, When Money Talks, Listen! by Rich Ezzo. It took only about an hour to read.
When I first received a copy, I thought it was a Get Rich Quick type of publication. Nothing is wrong with Get Rich Quick, but my mind just doesn’t run after dreams of wealth. I think that if God ever wants me to be rich, he knows where to find my purse.
When I began reading When Money Talks, Listen!, I was overjoyed to find that Rich Ezzo isn’t money hungry either. He, too, is hungry for more important than money.
Since I love this e-book so much, why wait a week to write the review? Simple. I wanted to see if the effect it had on me was a keeper. After reading the last word of the e-book, I totally agreed with the subtitle (副標題) which promised to forever change the way we thought about money. I had so many thoughts running around my mind that I had to install (安裝) a stoplight to stop some while others made their way into the picture, then I yielded (讓路) them as a few ones arrived in town. I had a mental traffic jam, which only goes to show how slow the traffic usually is.
It has been a week and the effect is the same. I truly do look at money differently and have even done a few things differently this week. This is an e-book you ‘ll want to read, I promise. I often recommend books to my daughter, and this is one that I didn’t just ”suggest”----I left it open at the bottom of the compute and told each one ,”Read it, you’ll love it “.
I would never point someone in a direction I wouldn’t go myself. I strongly advise you to visit the author’s website, Myster Money, and to download the e-book. You won’t regret it.
小題1:The author wrote this passage to _________.
A．strongly recommend an e-book
B．show the author’s attitude to money
C．introduce the general idea of an e-book
D．point out Rich Ezzo isn’t money hungry
小題2:According to the passage, a Get Rich Quick type of publication _________.
A．is more popular than e-books
B．deals with how to make money
C．is what the author really cares for
D．is also an e-book written by Rich Ezzo
小題3:Why didn’t the author write the review as soon as he finished reading the book?
A．Because he was not sure whether he did well.
B．Because he was too excited to write anything.
C．Because he had to wait for Rich Ezzo’s permission.
D．Because he wondered if it would have a long influence on him.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Rock and roll music developed in the United States in the early nineteen-fifties. It was based on the music called rhythm and blues that was performed by African American musicians.
Early rock and roll singers developed their own kinds of music. Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, the Beach Boys, and Bob Dylan were the most popular rock and roll musicians in the early 1960’s. All were American. Then, in 1964, a new rock and roll group from England invaded America: the Beatles.
Some people say the Beatles’ music shook America like an earthquake. The Beatles changed rock and roll forever. Their early songs were influenced by American rock and roll musicians, including Chuck Berry. But the Beatles looked different and sounded different from any musical group before them.
The Beatles released their first album in the United States in 1964, when all of the top five records in America were by the Beatles. In 1967, they released an album called “Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band.” It was one of the first “concept” albums. That is, all the songs were linked by a common story or idea.
The popularity of the Beatles led the way for more rock and roll bands from England to become popular in America. The Rolling Stones was the most important of these bands. The Rolling Stones is one of the few groups from the 1960’s that is still performing and recording today. In 1965, the group recorded one of its most famous songs, “Satisfaction”.
The musical instrument most linked to rock and roll is the guitar. Experts say Jimi Hendrix was one of the most influential guitar players in rock and roll during the late 1960’s. His “Purple Haze” was liked by many people.
By the 1970’s, rock and roll music became known as rock music. It expanded into many new forms. For example, there was country rock, hard rock, acid rock, and heavy metal rock. Punk rock, jazz rock, and glitter rock.
In the middle 1970’s, experts say rock music regained some of the energy of early rock and roll. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band became popular with their album “Born to Run”. Springsteen’s music was like the lively rock and roll music of the early nineteen-sixties. Many of his songs were about social issues. He sang about the effects of unemployment and the war in Vietnam.
小題1:The main topic of this passage is _______.
A．the history of American music
B．the famous rock and roll groups
C．the new forms of rock and roll music
D．the development of rock and roll music
小題2:Which of the following matches is NOT true?
A．the Beatles — Chuck Berry
B．the Rolling Stones — Satisfaction
C．Jimi Hendrix — Purple Haze
D．Bruce Springsteen — Born to Run
小題3:Whose songs were mainly about social problems like unemployment and war?
A．Elvis Presley’s.B．Bob Dylan’s.
C．Jimi Hendrix’s.D．Springsteen’s.
小題4:From the passage, we can know that _______.
A．one of the Rolling Stones’ albums was called “concept”
B．rock and roll music had many different forms at the beginning
C．rock and roll music probably came from African American music
D．the Beatles and the Rolling Stones became popular at the same time

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

No matter how long your life is, you will, at best, be able to read only a few books of all that have been written, and the few you do read should include the best. It is to be expected that the selections will change with the times. Yet there is a surprising uniformity (一致) in the lists which represent the best choices of any period.
What are the signs by which we may recognize a great book? The four I will mention may not be all there are, but they are the ones I’ve found most useful in explaining my choices over the years.
Great books are probably the most widely read. They are not best sellers for a year or two. They are enduring best sellers. GONE WITH THE WIND has had relatively few readers compared to the plays of Shakespeare or DONQUIXOTE. It would be reasonable to estimate that Homer Iliad has been read by at least 25,000,000 people in the last 3000 years.
Great books are popular, not pedantic(賣弄學問的). They are not written by specialists about specialties for specialists. Whether they are philosophy or science, or history or poetry, they treat of human, not academic problems. They are written for men, not professors. To read a textbook for advanced students, you have to read an elementary textbook first. But the great books can be considered elementary in the sense that they treat the elements of any subject matter. They are not related to one another as a series of textbooks, graded in difficulty or in the technicality of the problems with which they deal.
Great books are always contemporary, the most readable and instructive.
Great books deal with the persistently unsolved problems of human life. There are genuine mysteries in the world that mark the limits of human knowing and thinking. Great minds acknowledge mysteries honestly. Wisdom is fortified (加強), not destroyed, by understanding its limitations.
小題1:Which is NOT the standard in the following when evaluating a great book?
A．Although not a best seller for a year or two, it must be the most widely read.
B．A great book can be read without any effort.
C．Great books are never out of date.
D．Great books will not disappoint you if you try to read them well.
小題2:According to the author, GONE WITH THE WIND is ______.
A．a(chǎn) best seller
B．disgusted by readers who like Shakespeare
C．read more often than Don Quixote
D．a(chǎn) great book
小題3:After reading the passage, we can infer that ______.
A．different periods have different lists of best books because there are many books for people to choose from
B．if you don’t read an elementary textbook, you may have difficulty in understanding an advanced one
C．Homer Iliad must be a best seller when it came out
D．great books often deal with unsolved problems of human life for the writers have confidence in settling them
小題4:The best title for this passage is ______.
A．Great Books in Your Life B．Great Books in Your Specialty
C．How to Find a Great Book?D．What Is a Great Book?

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