Question

Anirban Maitra, a professor at Oxford University, Jack’s success would not have been possible.

A．If it weren’t for	B．Were it not for
C．Had it not been for	D．If it hasn’t been for

Answer 1

C

試題分析：通過(guò)主句Jack’s success would not have been possible.可以看出這是對(duì)于過(guò)去情況的虛擬。對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成式，主語(yǔ)用“would/could/should/might + have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”形式。虛擬條件句中有had, should, were時(shí)，可以將if去掉，然后把had, should, were提到主語(yǔ)前面，故選C。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：一般虛擬條件句，一、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+動(dòng)詞原形”形式，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)情況的假想。二、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬，條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成式，主語(yǔ)用“would/could/should/might + have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”形式。三、對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬，在表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的條件從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用should do, were to do或動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式三種形式表示，但意義略有不同。should表示的可能性最大，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。所謂錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句即條件從句與主句所指時(shí)間不一致，如從句指過(guò)去，而主句即指的是現(xiàn)在或?qū)��?lái)，此時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境情況，結(jié)合上面提到的三種基本類型對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。