Question

【題目】 Elephant, horse and cow wastes could be endless sources for a key element needed to make paper. It is good news for some nations where trees are scarce while animal wastes come in especially handy.

The idea for the unusual use of elephant and cow wastes first came to mind when researcher Dr Alexander Bismarck noticed something strange about goat wastes while vacationing in Greece. He observed some goats eating summer-dry grass and came to an interesting conclusion about what they digest.

Dr Bismarck said： “I realized what comes out in the end is partially digested plant matter so there must be cellulose （纖維素）there". Animals eat dry grass containing cellulose, chew it and digest it in their stomach and then produce wastes. Up to 40 percent of those wastes are cellulose, which is easily accessible. Therefore, making paper from the partially digested material would take much less energy than using raw wood. Additionally, it would require fewer chemical treatments.

This supply of raw material is plenty： parks in Africa that are home to hundreds of elephants produce tons of wastes every day, and enormous cattle farms in the US and Europe produce mountains of wastes.

In order to make paper, the material must be processed with a special method. But it requires little because there is no need to break it down into small parts for use in paper, in contrast to conventional methods which need a lot of energy to break down wood.

Using wastes, we can reduce the number of steps needed in papermaking, simply because the animal already chewed the plant and attacked it with acid in their stomachs. You inexpensively produce a paper staff that has the same or even better properties than that from wood, with lower energy and chemical consumption.

【1】What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?

A.The observation of goat wastes.B.The usage of animal wastes.

C.The origin of the unusual idea.D.The vacation spent in Greece.

【2】Animal wastes can be used to make paper mainly because ________.

A.they will never run outB.they are easy to access

C.they are partly digestedD.they contain much cellulose

【3】What is the advantage of making paper from animal wastes?

A.It is more profitable.B.It is energy-saving.

C.It needs less material.D.It fits all parts of the world.

【4】What is the probable explanation of the underlined word “attack"?

A.Treat.B.Mix.

C.Clean.D.Protect.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】B

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)，大象， 山羊，牛等的排泄物里含有大量纖維素，可以用來(lái)造紙，比用木頭造紙更經(jīng)濟(jì)，而且原料充足。

【1】

主旨大意題。本段第一句The idea for the unusual use of elephant and cow wastes first came to mind when researcher Dr Alexander Bismarck noticed something strange about goat wastes while vacationing in Greece.（研究人員亞歷山大·俾斯麥博士在希臘度假時(shí)注意到山羊糞便的奇怪之處，于是他產(chǎn)生了使用大象和奶牛糞便的不尋常想法。）為主題句，主要講述了用動(dòng)物排泄物造紙這一想法的產(chǎn)生。 故選C。

【2】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Elephant, horse and cow wastes could be endless sources for a key element needed to make paper.（大象、馬和牛的糞便可能是造紙所需的一種關(guān)鍵元素的無(wú)盡來(lái)源。） 以及第三段Up to 40 percent of those wastes are cellulose, which is easily accessible. Therefore, making paper from the partially digested material would take much less energy than using raw wood. Additionally, it would require fewer chemical treatments（這些廢物中高達(dá)40%是纖維素，很容易獲取。因此，用部分消化的材料造紙所消耗的能量要比用原木少得多。此外，它需要更少的化學(xué)處理）可知，纖維素 是造紙必需的元素，而動(dòng)物糞便里含有40%的纖維素,由此判斷，D選項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。

【3】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Therefore, making paper from the partially digested material would take much less energy than using raw wood（因此，用部分消化的材料造紙所消耗的能量要比用原木少得多。）可知，用動(dòng)物的排泄物造紙可以比用木頭造紙節(jié)省能源。故選B。

【4】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段Using wastes, we can reduce the number of steps needed in papermaking, simply because the animal already chewed the plant（利用排泄物，我們可以減少造紙所需的步驟，僅僅因?yàn)閯?dòng)物已經(jīng)咀嚼了植物）可知，用動(dòng)物排泄物造紙省卻了造紙必需的一些過(guò)程；再根據(jù)上段But it requires little because there is no need to break it down into small parts for use in paper（但它的要求很少，因?yàn)椴恍枰�把它分解成小的部分用于造紙）可知，省卻的這個(gè)過(guò)程就是將原料粉碎的過(guò)程，也就是動(dòng)物胃里的食物是經(jīng)過(guò)咀嚼和用胃酸浸泡和腐蝕過(guò)的，由此推知?jiǎng)澗�(xiàn)部分的意義接近“處理”，故選A。