Question

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.

Common sense is not all that common.

Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

These three popular misquotes（戲謔的引語）are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature. To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for having made a mistake. They naturally look for someone else who could be responsible for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do. The original quote about human nature went like this：“To err is human, to forgive, divine（神圣的）.” This saying mirrors an ideal：people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite—find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.

Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine. Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything . People say that in a large company, “the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”

And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people, get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary（直接推論）to that：if a good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?

1.According to the passage, which of following seems the most human?

A. To search for truth.

B. To achieve one’s ideal.

C. To make fun of others’ mistakes．

D. To criticize others for one’s own error.

2.Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?

A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.

B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.

C. A company’s next move follows a good plan.

D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments.

3.What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?

A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.

B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.

C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.

D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.

4.What would be the best title for his passage?

A. A Mirror of Human Nature

B. To Blame or to Forgive

C. A Mark of Maturity

D. Truth or Excuse

 

Answer 1

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：作者從責(zé)備還是寬恕，常識還是非常識，真理還是借口三方面來體現(xiàn)人性的鏡子

1.D推理判斷題。從引言后第一段倒數(shù)第三句話說“關(guān)于人性的起初說法是犯錯(cuò)是人，寬恕是神。這種說法映射出神應(yīng)該寬恕別人的錯(cuò)誤。而我們?nèi)苏�好相反，而是推卸�?zé)任，批評別人的錯(cuò)誤。然而，對所犯的錯(cuò)事負(fù)責(zé)任就是成熟的標(biāo)志。所以D項(xiàng)是正確答案

2.A推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話說靠常識似乎對于一個(gè)大的組織并不適合，因?yàn)橛刑�多的事情要處理以至于一個(gè)人不可能負(fù)責(zé)全部工作。所以A項(xiàng) “一個(gè)人負(fù)責(zé)一個(gè)大公司的全部工作屬于非常識” 。B項(xiàng)從“Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm”得出。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)從“Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. ”得出選A

3.D推理判斷題。從最后一段最后一句話if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth? 如果好的借口是重要的，即使它是不誠實(shí)的，那么真理的地位又在哪里？作者用了一個(gè)反問說明追求真理比尋找理由更為重要。得出D項(xiàng)是正確答案；C項(xiàng)一個(gè)好的借口和誠實(shí)一樣的有價(jià)值 是錯(cuò)的；從what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art?認(rèn)為編一個(gè)好的理由就是在創(chuàng)造一件藝術(shù)品，這樣的社會(huì)怎么了？作者用了一個(gè)反問來對找理由的否認(rèn)，可以推出A和B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。選D。

4.A 主旨大意題。從全文來看，作者用三個(gè)引言導(dǎo)出人性這個(gè)話題，從責(zé)備還是寬恕，常識還是非常識，真理還是借口三方面來體現(xiàn)人性。所以選A“人性的鏡子”; B 項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)只是第二段和最后一段的段落大意，不能代表全文。C項(xiàng)是第二段的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。選A。

考點(diǎn)：人生百味類閱讀。