Question

When we donate（捐獻） blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance for at least ABO and Rh systems typing. If you are O+, the O is your ABO type and the + is your Rh type. It is possible to be A, B, AB, or O as well as Rh + or Rh-.

The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements. There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system: A, B, AB and O. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents. Because of the substances(物質(zhì)) contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully, If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types, so it is often called the universal donor. However, there is still a risk. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal receiver. However, because there can be so many reactions in the blood bank of the hospital.

There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A. The least common is type AB. Other races have different percentage. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O out of 100 donors in the world.

1.Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?

2.The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________.

A. to put the blood into a container

B. to move the blood from one place to another

C. to put the blood of one person into the body of another

D. to give power to another person

3.The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is ______.

A. B B. A C. AB D. O

4.The text mainly tells us ______.

A. about the basic types of human blood

B. what kind of blood is the most common

C. about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize

D. the relationship between blood type and nationality

Answer 1

1.D

2.C

3.A

4.A

【解析】

試題分析: 本文講述了有關(guān)于人類的主要四種血型、這四種血型在輸血的時候應(yīng)該注意它們是否互相被接納的問題并以歐洲人為例，說了民族與血型的關(guān)系。

1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段：A and B cannot be mixed .A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types, so it is often called the universal donor.句意：A型血和B型血不能混在一起。A型血和B型血不能接納AB型血，但是AB型血不能接納A型血或B 型血。在緊急情況下，O型血能夠輸血因為它能夠被任何血型的血所接納，所以它經(jīng)常被叫做萬能供血者。根據(jù)句意，故選D.

2.C細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)橫線后的一句話：If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation.（如果兩種不同的血型被混合在一起，這將可能會致一個人于極危險的境地）可知前一句是在講人和人之間輸血的問題，故選C.

3.A細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)最后一段：Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A. The least common is type AB.（在歐洲人中，大約45%的人是O型血，而42%的人是A型血。最不常見的血型就是AB型）可知B型血歐洲人中的第三大最常見的血型。故選A.

4.

考點：考查說明文閱讀

考點分析： 考點1：日常生活類閱讀 試題屬性

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