Eat like a king in the morning, a prince at noon, and a peasant at night. This saying is all about the importance of breakfast. And now scientists can tell us just why it’s so important. According to a study carried out at Imperial College London, UK, skipping the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch, but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods.

The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the orbitofrontal cortex (眶額皮層), which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat. It is used for identifying the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast. It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you’re on an empty stomach.

Scientists did an experiment on this. Dr Tony Goldstone from Imperial College London, scanned (掃描) the brains of 21 men and women, around the age of 25. On the first day, these people skipped breakfast before the scans. On the second day, they had cereal (谷物), bread and jam as breakfast. After the scan on both days, they had their lunch.

When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate around 20 percent more at lunch, compared with days when they had eaten breakfast. Their brain scans also showed the orbitofrontal cortex was especially responsive to high-calorie foods. “We believe that bit identifies the value of foods – how pleasant, how delicious something is,” Goldstone told The Guardian.

1.From Paragraph 1, we learn that _____.

A. scientists found out why eating breakfast is important

B. it’s easy to lose weight without breakfast

C. there’s no need to have good food for supper

D. eating breakfast makes your brain smarter

2.Which is the correct order for the experiment on the first day?

① The volunteers skipped breakfast.

② The volunteers had lunch.

③ The volunteers had a brain scan.

A.①②③ B.③②① C.①③② D.③①②

3.Which of the following is NOT true about the orbitofrontal cortex?

A. It is part of our brain.

B. It tells people to eat breakfast.

C. It decides which food we like.

D. It is active toward high-calorie foods.

4.Which of the following can be the title for this passage?

A. Breakfast still most important

B. Three meals a day

C. Experiments on breakfast

D. Researches on lunch

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What is an Oyster card?

Oyster is the easiest way to pay for journeys on the bus ，Tube ，tram，Docklands light Railway (DLR)，London Overground and National Rail journeys in London You can store your travel cards, Bus & Tram Pass，season tickets and credit to pay for journeys as you go.

Where to get an Oyster card?

There are a number of ways for you to get an Oyster card ：

• At over 3,900 Oyster Ticket stops

• At Tube and London Overground station ticket offices

• At some National Rail stations

• At London Travel information Centres

• Online at tfl. gov. uk/oyster

How to use an Oyster card?

To pay the correct fare on the Tube ，DLR，London Overground and National Rail services，you must always touch in on the yellow Oyster card reader at the start of your journey，and touch out at the end. if you don’t, a maximum cash Oyster fare will be changed When using the bus or tram, you must only touch in at the start, but not at the end of your journey.

What happens if I don’t visit London very often?

Don’t worry. Any pay as you go credit on your card will not expire (過期)，so you can keep it for your next visit or lend it to a friend.

Fares

Traveling by Tube from Central London (Zone l)to Heathrow (Zone 6)

Adult Oyster single fare

£ 4. 20 Monday to Friday 06:30 - 09:30 and 16:00一19:00

£ 2. 70 at all other times including public holidays

Adult single cash fare £ 5.00

For further information，visit tfL.gov. uk /fares.

1.You can get an Oyster card at the following places EXCEPT_____

A．a(chǎn)t a post office B．a(chǎn)t an Oyster Ticket stop

C．on the website D．a(chǎn)t a Tube station

2.If a person with an Oyster card takes the 7 o’clock Tube from Central London to Heathrow for a week (no public holiday in between)，he should pay_____.

A．£ 18.90 B．£ 29.40 C．£ 26.40 D．£ 21.90

3.The passage is probably taken from a_______

A．journal B．travel brochure C．textbook D．novel

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Commercially packaged caramel apples from the USA were reported to have killed at least 7 people and sickened 32 before July 24, 2015, officials said. Typically, problems arise ______ caution is absent.

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EUROPE is home to a variety of cultural treasures. Lonely Planet has offered pairs of cities for culture-hungry but time-poor travelers.

London and Paris

It takes you about two hours to travel from London to Paris by Eurostar, a high-speed railway service. The two capital cities have been competing in fashion, art and nightlife for decades—but each secretly looks up to the other.

No one can doubt the grand and impressive beauty of Paris’ Louvre Museum, but if you want to save money, you cannot skip the British Museum free to visit. Compared with London, Paris has more outdoor attractions, such as the beautiful green walkway La Promenade Plantee.

In Paris, you’ll see diners linger (逗留) over red wine. While in London, you can try some afternoon tea, eat fish and chips or salted cake.

Vienna and Bratislava

Austrian capital Vienna and Slovakia city Bratislava are an hour apart by train. But since they are linked by the Danube River, the best way to travel is by ship. A tour of the two cities is the perfect way to experience everything from 17th century’s Habsburg dynasty splendor to sci-fi restaurants.

Vienna is famous for Mozart and imperial palaces. You can appreciate the perfect blending of architecture and nature in the grand Scholoss Schonbrunn Palace, and reward yourself with a cup of Vienna coffee, which has made its way to the world’s cultural heritage list.

Bratislava is best known for its fine dining—the remarkable UFO restaurant. You can enjoy a meat–laden dinner here in an amazing setting.

1.What’s the relationship between London and Paris according to the text?

A. They help each other.

B. They admire each other.

C. They attack each other.

D. They don’t like each other.

2.What are the advantages of Paris mentioned in the article?

a. Louvre Museum b. Free access to museums

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A. acd B. cd C. ac D. bcd

3.Lonely Planet recommends these two pairs of cities because_______.

A. they are not expensive to visit

B. they are best known to the world

C. they are always enemies between each other

D. they are close but different in many aspects.

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Output(產(chǎn)量) 2011

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21.5

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53.54

41.21

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Output 2011

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6.8 million tons

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Coal

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Dear Manager，

I am an exchange student from the UK. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was very well, but I did not enjoy it because there were some problem in the cinema.

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As a visitor to your city, I'm disappointed with my experience in your cinema. I am writing a letter in the hope that you can consider about these problems and make some improvement.

Yours faithfully，

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Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, ______making him the richest person in China.

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Being a Volunteer

What can you do to help people? The answer is -- to be a volunteer! 1.

● Help yourself by helping others

When you volunteer to help others, you are helping yourself. 2. Lots of people really enjoy volunteering. Doing volunteer work means one important thing: You make a difference in the world. So where do you start? 3.

● Things to do with family members

Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. Talk to your parents, brothers, or sisters and see what they might be interested in. Find something you all agree on. Here are some ideas for things you can do as a family like cleaning up a park and planting trees or flowers in your local community.

● Invent your own opportunity

4. You can make and sell products, and donate the money to charity. Volunteering gives kids a taste of responsibility, Volunteering can also help kids learn important things about themselves — like what kinds of things they’re best at. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. 5. Make a plan to start volunteering today!

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B. Volunteering means to spend time helping others,

C. If you are upset, doing something can be a great way to calm yourself down,

D. Why not come?

E. So what are you waiting for?

F. Kids can come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services,

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Our house was directly across the street from the clinic entrance of John Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. We lived downstairs and rented the upstairs rooms to the patients at the clinic.

One evening as I was fixing supper, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly awful-looking man. He’s hardly taller than my eight-year-old son. “Good evening. I’ve come to see if you’ve a room. I came for a treatment this morning from the eastern shore, and there’s no bus till morning.” He told me he’d been hunting for a room since noon but with no success. “I guess it’s my face…I know it looks terrible, but my doctor says with a few more treatments…” For a moment I hesitated, but his next words convinced me: “I could sleep in this chair on the porch. My bus leaves early in the morning.”

I told him we would find him a bed. When I had finished the dishes, I talked with him. He told me he fished for a living to support his five children, and his wife, who was hopelessly crippled (殘疾的) from a back injury. He didn’t tell it by way of complaint. Next morning, just before he left, as if asking a great favor, he said, “Could I come back and stay the next time?” He added, “Your children made me feel at home.”

On his next trip he arrived a little after seven in the morning. As a gift, he brought a big fish and the largest oysters (牡蠣) I had ever seen. I knew his bus left at 4:00 a.m. and I wondered what time he had to get up in order to do this for us.

In the years he came to stay overnight with us and there was never a time that he did not bring us vegetables from his garden. I know our family always will be grateful to have known him; from him we learned how to accept the bad without complaint when facing the misfortune.

1.Why did the author agree to let the man spend the night in his house at last?

A. Because the man said others refused to accommodate him.

B. Because the man said he would not cause much inconvenience.

C. Because the man said he had come from the eastern shore.

D. Because the man said he had been hunting for a room since noon.

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C. About 3 hours. D. About 4 hours.

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A. the author’s children were kind and friendly to the man

B. the man was fed up with his hard-work and his family

C. John Hopkins Hospital provided rooms for the patients to live in

D. the author and his family were thought highly of by his neighbors

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A. he often brought them fish and vegetables from his garden

B. he paid them money for his staying

C. he taught them how to accept the bad without complaint

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