Question

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 [2015 •遼寧沈陽東北育才中學(xué)一模]

 American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special "language protein" in the brain.

 The study,conducted by neuroscientists (神經(jīng)學(xué)家) and psy?chologist from the University of Maryland,concluded that women talked more because they had more of the FoxP2 protein. The research,published in The Journal of Neuroscience,found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previ?ously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day―over 13,000 more than men. "This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a languageassociated protein in humans or animals," said Professor Margaret Mc?Carthy,who led the study. In their study,the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.

 They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the "ultrasonic (超聲波的) range", the frequen?cies higher than humans can hear,over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries,the males called out twice as often,they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother's cage,she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocal calls showed the male pups had up to twice as much FoxP2 protein as the females. The research?ers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast,males became less talkative.

  The researchers then tested samples from ten children,aged between three and five,which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the FoxP2 pro?tein than males,in a brain area key to language in humans.

  "Based on our observations,we assume higher levels of FoxP2 in girls and higher levels of FoxP2 in male rats is an indication that FoxP2 protein levels are as?sociated with the more communicative sex," said Professor McCarthy.

  "Our results imply FoxP2 as a component (成分) of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals."

1. From the second paragraph,we can learn that         .

   A. women always speak more words than men

   B. men and male rats have low levels of language protein

   C. women and male rats have similar levels of FoxP2

   D. McCarthy isn't the first to find females more talkative

2. The underlined phrase " fussed over" in the third paragraph probably means      

   A. paid attention to   B. related to

   C. put pressure on   D. counted on

3. The researchers carried out the experiments on rats in order to         .

   A. test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans

   B. prove the levels of FoxP2 protein in humans and rats are different

   C. determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats

   D. discover the association between FoxP2 protein and vocal communication

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

   A. Tests on humans and rats   B. Why women are the talkative sex

   C. Sex differences in FoxP2 protein  D. FoxP2 protein determines oral ability

Answer 1

[文章大意]本文研究了FoxP2 protein和人類的談話能力之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)女性比男性更為健談。

1. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about   20. 000 words a day―over   13. 000 more than men. * This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a languageassociated protein in humans or animals”said Pro?fessor Margaret McCarthy,who led the study."可知，Mc?Carthy并不是第一個(gè)研究女性更為健談的人。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2. A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本句"But when the pups were returned to their mother's cage,she fussed over her sons first."可知當(dāng)小老鼠回到母親的籠子的時(shí)候，母親先關(guān)注她的兒子們。所以 "fussed over"是"注意"的意思，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocal calls showed the male pups had up to twice as much FoxP2 protein as the females."可知，這個(gè)研究關(guān)注的是FoxP2蛋白質(zhì)和語言能力之間的關(guān)系。故D項(xiàng)正確。

4. B主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special 'language protein' in the brain."可知，本文研究的是為什么女性更加健談。故B項(xiàng)正確。