We have to say that nowadays, the soul of Chinese basic education is competition _____ learning.
A. other than B. less than
C. more than D. rather than
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What ____ great fun we are having! I’ll never forget ____ Christmas like it.
A. a; a B. a; the C. a; / D. /; a
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More and more people take part in marathons these days – over 30,000 people will run the London Marathon this weekend, for instance. But it’s not just the 26 miles and 385 yards that could be a daunting prospect. “I have to admit to being completely frustrated by the blocking and for 18-19 miles was just keeping away from people and being held up,” one participant grumbled after the 2012 London Marathon. “I had to overtake a lot of people and ended up with bruised(淤腫的)forearms from all the elbows,” said another.
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This allows Treiber to figure out how blocking might depend on the race conditions – for example, for different starting procedures. Some marathons start by letting all the runners set off at once (which means those at the back have to wait until those in front have moved forward). Others assign runners to various groups according to ability, and let them start in a series of waves.
Treiber has applied the model to the annual Rennsteig half-marathon in central Germany, which attracts around 6,000 participants. The traditional route had to be changed in 2013, because the police were no longer willing to close a road to ensure that runners could cross safely. It could pass either over a 60m wooden bridge or through a tunnel. Treiber used his model to predict the likely blocking caused in the various options. The model predicted that a mass start would risk an overload of runners if the bridge were to be used. Only by moving the starting point further back from the bridge could the danger be avoided – and even then, if some of the numbers assumed in the model were only slightly inaccurate, there was still a risk of jams at the bridge. On the other hand, no dangerous blocking seemed likely for the tunnel route. The run organizers consulted Treiber’s team, and eventually chose this option.
1.What is the worst thing while running a marathon?
A. The long distance. B. Too many participants.
C. The dangerous blocking. D. Serious injuries in forearms.
2.Which of the following statements is true?
A. James Lighthill is the first expert trying to model traffic flow.
B. The denser the flow is, the faster the flow rate becomes.
C. The flow rate increases in the beginning because fewer people passed together.
D. The flow rate increases first and then decreases later when the flow is too denser.
3.What is NOT true about the Rennsteig?
A. It has much less participants than the London Marathon in 2014.
B. It has a shorter distance than the London Marathon.
C. The route was changed because the traditional one is not safe any longer.
D. The participants running this marathon will pass a tunnel because this choice is safer.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Make a comparison between marathon and road traffic.
B. Running a marathon is somewhat dangerous if it is not well organized.
C. Introduce a new technology to solve the blocking problem in marathon.
D. Some advice for people who are to run a marathon.
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