Perhaps the most astonishing theory to come out of kinetics，the study of body movement,was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell.He believes that physical appearance Is often culturally programmed.In other words,we learn our looks;we are not born with them.
A baby generally unformed facial features.A baby,according to Birdwhistell,learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around family and friends．This helps explain why the people of some regions of the United States look so much lilke．New Englanders or Southerners have certain common facial characteristics that cannot be explained by genetics(遺傳學(xué))．The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth,it is learned later．In fact，the final mouth shape is not formed until well after permanent(永久的)teeth are set．For many，this can be well into adolescence(青春期)．A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike．We learn our looks from those around us. This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas．In the United States，for example，the South is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently．In New England they smile less，and in the western part of New York State still less．Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly，partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peach Tree Street jn Atlanta，Georgia．People in densely(稠密地)populated urban areas also tend to smile and greet each other in public less than people in rural areas and small towns．
小題1:The passage might be taken out of a book dealing with______
A．physicsB．healthC．chemistryD．body movement
小題2:Ray Birdwhistell believes that physical appearance_______．
A．has little to do with cultureB．is decided by our parents
C．can be infiuenced by cultureD．varies from place to place
小題3:Ray Birdwhistell can tell what region of the United States a person is from by     .
A．the way he or she talksB．how he or she raises his or her eyebrows
C．what he or she likes bestD．how much he or she laughs
小題4:According to the passage，people who live_______are more friendly.
A．in the northB．in the country
C．in New York CityD．in densely populated areas

小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:D
小題1:B

小題1:從文章首句可知，本文是關(guān)于身體運動的理論。
小題1:從文章第一段第二句可知，他認(rèn)為人的外表相貌特征是由文化編程的，即受文化影響。
小題1:第二段該教授說我們從周圍人那里了解自己的相貌，然后說美國不同地區(qū)的人微笑頻率不同，由此可知，根據(jù)一個人笑的頻率可大致了解對方來自美國的哪個地區(qū)。
小題1:文章后一句說“在人口稠密的市區(qū)生活的人在公共場所微笑及打招呼比在農(nóng)村及小鎮(zhèn)的人少”。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the United States, when one becomes rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ is about, It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbours.
The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighbourhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbours.
It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.
Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich life--style of their neighbours. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series  of short stories, He called it ‘Keeping up with the Joneses’ because ‘Jones’ is a very common name in the United States.’ Keeping up with the Joneses’ came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.
People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are ‘Jonses’ in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.
小題1:Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they ______.
A．want to be as rich as their neighbours
B．want others to know or to think that they are rich
C．don’t want others to know they are rich
D．want to be happy
小題2:It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to ________.
A．live outside New York CityB．live in New York City
C．live in apartmentsD．have many neighbours
小題3:The underlined word neighbourhood in the second paragraph means ________.
A．a(chǎn) person who lives near anotherB．people living in an area
C．a(chǎn)n area near the place referred toD．a(chǎn)n area in another town or city
小題4: Arthur Momand used the name ‘Jones’ in his series of short stories because’ Jones’ is ________.
A．a(chǎn)n important nameB．a(chǎn) popular name in the United States
C．his neighbour’s nameD．not a good name
小題5:According to the writer, it is       to keep up with the Joneses.
A．correctB．interestingC．impossibleD．good

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In business, there is a speed difference: It's the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (競爭的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.
In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, What’s more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.
How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.
In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didn’t develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.
Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right , rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.
小題1: What does the underlined part “gain an edge ”in Paragraph 2 mean ? 
A．Increase the speed.
B．Get an advantage.
C．Reach the limit.
D．Set a goal.
小題2:. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.  
A．spending more time and performing worse.
B．spending more time and performing better
C．spending less time and performing worse
D．spending less time and performing better
小題3:What can we learn from the text?  
A．how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.
B．how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.
C．Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.
D．Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.
小題4:. Which could be the best title for the text?  
A．Improve quality? Serve better.
B．Deliver value? Plough ahead.
C．Reduce time? Move faster.
D．Need speed? Slow down.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority（優(yōu)先）it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities（復(fù)雜）of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “ This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible（難以辨認(rèn)的）.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation（動力）to seek improvement.
小題1:Teachers are different in their opinions about ___________.
A．the difficulties in teaching spelling
B．the role of spelling in general language development
C．the complexities of the basic writing skills
D．the necessity of teaching spelling
小題2: The expression “play safe” probably means ____________.
A．to write carefullyB．to do as the teachers say
C．to use dictionaries frequentlyD．to avoid using words one is not sure of
小題3: Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that___________.
A．students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B．students will have more confidence in writing
C．teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D．students will learn to be independent of teachers
小題4: The writer seems to think that the teacher’s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is____________.
A．unfairB．reasonableC．foolishD．careless
小題5:The major point discussed in the passage is_____________.
A．the importance of developing writing skills
B．the complexities of spelling
C．the correct way of marking compositions
D．the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids, is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end benefit is for them．I call this strategy WIIFM （"What's in it for me?" ）．
When a teen can combine an understanding of WIIFM with a sense of passion about achieving a goal, barriers will start to fall away．At our teen summer camps, we arrange an event near the end of the 10-day session that helps campers identify an important life goal and mentally break through their biggest barrier to achieving the goal． We pass around 12-by-12-inch pine boards．We tell campers that this activity is not about breaking a piece of wood．It's about how you can get what you want in your life．It's about breaking
barriers to grab on to your goals．
They have the power to break through any barrier．It has nothing to do with body size or physical condition．The skinniest, smallest teens will break through the board almost as easily as the big ones．
We talk to the campers about the reasons they might have had for not reaching their goals in the past．Maybe they got lazy and decided it wasn't worth the effort．Maybe they failed and let their fear of failure hold them back．But this exercise is about putting the past where it belongs．Today is about making new choices．
By this point in the program, we ask them to think of the goal they've set or themselves and write their goals on the boards．Then they write the possible obstacles which may hold them back on the opposite sides．An inch of pine now stands between them and their dreams．
The facilitators and their teammates gather around．The support is strong．One by one, they break through the barriers and grab their goals! All around us teens are laughing, crying, hugging, and holding up the broken pieces of their boards．The confidence shown on their faces is beautiful．
While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost unrealistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be overestimated．More help for parents in the form of videos and articles is available at our website, in our blogs and in a monthly e-newsletter．
小題1:The 12-by-12-inch pine boards are used as ______．
A．materials to test one's musclesB．signs of goals in one's life
C．a(chǎn)ssessments to show one's progressD．symbols of barriers in one's life
小題2:We can learn from the passage that through the event the campers ______．
A．become hard-workingB．get moral support
C．gain confidenceD．set right goals
小題3:Which is the best title for the passage?
A．The Power of WIIFMB．What's in It for Me
C．The Importance of GoalsD．Motivational Strategies
小題4:The passage is intended for ______．
A．teensB．parentsC．campersD．tutors

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The desire for a better life is sometimes so big that it makes people leave their countries and their families and work in other countries. They know that they will have to face difficult moments，that they won’t be able to communicate with the persons around them，and that maybe they will have to work in illegal conditions to get the money they need for their families，but they all take these chances and they hope they will succeed.
On the other hand，there are people who immigrate(移民)just for the sake of the people they love. They leave their families to make other families with the people they love. Women go to meet their men who have chosen other countries to start a new life，even if they miss their families and friends. Maybe they don’t have a place to work but they are able to wait to see what destiny(命運) has for them.
There are also the cases of the people who are forced to leave their countries because of a war which threatens their lives. They’d rather start from the very beginning again than risk putting their lives in danger.
When well­developed countries see that their homeland is being “invaded” by lots of immigrants，they set new laws that make immigration harder. As a result of this，many illegal immigrants cross the borders and are eager to work，although they are paid only half the amount of money native workers receive for the same kind of job.
The opinions of the local people are varied and they range from total refusal to complete acceptance. Immigrants in countries which have large communities of them are fighting for the recognition of their social rights and for equal treatment.
Many immigrants have managed to be fully accepted by the communities where they live and have managed to change the opinions of the local people about them.
小題1:Which of the following reasons for immigration is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Escaping from a war.B．Being reunited with the beloved people.
C．Seeking a better life.D．Studying a foreign language.
小題2:What’s the usual response to immigrants in well­developed countries?
A．To accept them.B．To put limitations on immigration.
C．To refuse them.D．To encourage them.
小題3:The passage implies that ________.
A．culture shock causes great anxiety in some immigrants
B．illegal immigrants cause great damage to developed countries
C．stricter laws should be set to prevent immigration
D．many people go to other countries with great determination

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For a commuter rushing to catch a train, a minute can mean the difference between dinner with the family and leftovers (剩飯) in the microwave. What most passengers don’t realize is that their minute is already there.
Every commuter train that departs from New York City — about 900 a day — leaves a minute later than scheduled. If the timetable says 8:14, the train will actually leave at 8:15. In other words, if you think you have only a minute to get that train — well, relax. You have two.
The courtesy (禮貌) minute, in place for decades and published only in private timetables for employees, is meant as a grace period（寬限期）for those who need the extra time to get off the platform and onto the train.
“If everyone knows they get an extra minute, they’re going to waste time doing unimportant things,” explained Marjorie Anders, a spokeswoman for the Metro-North Railroad. Told of this article, Ms. Anders laughed. “Don’t blow our cover!” she said.
Entirely hidden from the riding public, the secret minute is an odd departure from the railroad culture of down-to-the-second accuracy. The railroad industry helped invent the concept of standard time, and time zones were established in the United States in the 1880s, 35 years before they were written into law. And most commuters know their train by the precise minute it departs. The trains quickly make up the minute: at all other stops, the public timetable prevails. The phantom minute does not exist at commuter railroads in Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, or San Francisco. But in New York, the secret minute dates back decades.
“That’s been done forever, from my knowledge,” said Jack Swanberg, 70, an unofficial historian of Metro-North. “I was the trainmaster starting in 1970 and I’m sure it’s been the case since 1870 for all I know.”
小題1:The courtesy minute was hidden from the public to _____.
A．prevent the passengers’ idlenessB．help invent the concept of standard time
C．show the railroad company’s considerationD．follow the ancient tradition of New York City
小題2: The underlined part “Don’t blow our cover” in Para. 4 probably means “_____”.
A．Don’t publish the timetableB．Don’t blame commuter trains
C．Don’t make it known by the publicD．Don’t forget our chances of catching trains
小題3:What can we conclude from the passage?
A．The courtesy minute exists in many cities in the US.
B．One minute means a lot for most of the commuters.
C．The courtesy minute has been in place for about ten years.
D．Most railroad staff in New York have no idea of the courtesy minute.
小題4: The passage mainly talks about _____.
A．the railroads in the USB．the secret New York minute
C．the mistake of the railroad industryD．the history of New York commuter trains

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Parents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our lives．However, doesn't it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? We're less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions—we even rebel against them．
Why? It may be the so-called "generation gap"．A generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents
are ignoring us, don't understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them．
The key reason is our desire for independence．In senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for our own lives and make our own decisions．But parents resist this．They still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do．Debate and discussion often come to nothing．Gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside．
Zhang Xiaoyun, 16, of Ningbo, Zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school．"She believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world," Zhang said．"Each day, she asks me the same old questions like, 'How was your last exam? or 'Have you made any progress in physics?" To Zhang, these questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily．"Sometimes, when I get upset, I quarrel with her．After, she comes to apologize and comfort me．But I know, she doesn't completely understand me," Zhang said．Now, a home that was once full of laughter has fallen into gloom and silence．
The generation gap can be harmful．Because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about．There are quarrels, even over trivial things．When that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies．Some of us even become afraid to go home after school— a very serious situation for the whole family．
小題1:Which of the following is not included in article?
A．The causes of generation gap．B．The effects of generation gap．
C．One example of generation gap．D．Ways of narrowing generation gap．
小題2:Which of the following is one reason for the generation gap according to the passage?
A．Modern society changing very fast．
B．Parents having unrealistic hopes of their children．
C．Parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other．
D．Young people liking to escape from the control of their parents．
小題3:Which of the following word has the closet meaning to the underlined word "perfunctorily"?
A．a(chǎn)ttentivelyB．indifferently
C．flatteringlyD．seriously
小題4:In the view of the author,____．
A．parents should allow their children more freedom
B．parents and children should not stay together
C．the younger generation should value the older generation
D．a(chǎn)cademic records are more important than one's inner world

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There have been great changes in the lives of women. During the twentieth century ,there was an unusual shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have about eight children, of whom about five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances(家用電器) and convenience(方便) foods.
This important change in women’s way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards, return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and running the home, according to the abilities and interest of each them.
小題1:Women marrying at the end of the 19th century ________.
A．would have fewer children than those today.
B．would have more children than those today.
C．lived as hard as those in the 20th century
D．lived more comfortably than those in the 20th century
小題2: According to the passage, a woman in the 19th century would likely to have about eight children and _______.
A．only about three of them could live more than five years old.
B．only about three of them could live for five years.
C．a(chǎn)bout eight children lived to be more than five years.
D．a(chǎn)bout eight children lived to be less than five years.
小題3: From the second paragraph, we know _______.
A．women today are not willing to run their home together with their husbands.
B．women today wouldn’t like to do any housework.
C．women today will return to work after they have their babies.
D．were unlikely to find jobs like the mothers before .
小題4:According to the passage, which of the following is right ?
A．in the past most women often stay at home after leaving school
B．women today like to marry men younger than themselves
C．women today are playing important parts in work and family life.
D．husbands today needn’t do any work at home.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案