12．Believe it or not，optical illusion（錯(cuò)覺(jué)） can cut highway crashes．
Japan is a case in point．It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75percent using a simple optical illusion．But stripes，called chevrons（人字形），painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are，and thus drivers slow down．
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D．C．is planning to repeat Japan's success．Starting next year，the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes．
Excessive （too great） speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents，according to the foundation．To help reduce those accidents，the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards （danger） are the greatest curves （曲線），exit slopes，traffic circles，and bridges．
Some studies suggest that straight，horizontal bars painted across roads can initially（最初） cut the average speed of drivers in half．However，traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars．
Chevrons，scientists say，not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower．The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents．

51．The passage mainly discussesA．
A．a(chǎn) new way of highway speed control
B．a(chǎn) new pattern for painting highways
C．a(chǎn) new way of training drivers
D．a(chǎn) new type of optical illusion
52．On roads painted with chevrons，drivers tend to feel thatC．
A．they should avoid speed-related hazards
B．they are driving in the wrong lane
C．they should slow down their speed
D．they are coming near to the speed limit
53．The advantage of chevrons over straight，horizontal bars is that the formerD．
A．can keep drivers awake     
B．can cut road accidents in half
C．will look more attractive    
D．will have a longer effect on drivers
54．The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans toA．
A．try out the Japanese method in certain areas
B．change the road signs across the country
C．replace straight，horizontal bars with chevrons
D．repeat the Japanese road patterns
55．What does the author say about straight，horizontal bars painted across roads？C
A．They are suitable only on broad roads．
B．They are falling out of use in the United States．
C．They are ignored in a long period of time．
D．They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles．

分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀，作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們講述的是一種新型的可以控制汽車(chē)速度的方式，為了控制車(chē)速，減少交通事故，美國(guó)決定在公路上畫(huà)人字形標(biāo)志，它可以讓司機(jī)覺(jué)得車(chē)速過(guò)快，從而達(dá)到控制車(chē)速的目的，然而，當(dāng)司機(jī)習(xí)慣于看到畫(huà)桿時(shí)，行駛速度常在數(shù)月內(nèi)返回到全速．

解答 51．A．主旨大意題，通讀全文，我們可以知道，在高速公路上畫(huà)各種線是為了讓司機(jī)覺(jué)得車(chē)速過(guò)快，從而達(dá)到控制車(chē)速的目的，文章講述的是一種新型的可以控制公路速度的方式；故選A．
52．C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章第二段painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving fasterthan they really are，畫(huà)上的道路讓司機(jī)覺(jué)得他們駕駛他們真的更快，因此司機(jī)慢下來(lái)，可知司機(jī)會(huì)減速；故選C．
53．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章最后一段The result is a longer lasting reduction of highway speed and thenumber of traffic accidents可知，人字形線比直線、平等線對(duì)控制車(chē)速有更長(zhǎng)久的影響；故選D．
54．A．推理判斷題，根據(jù)文章第三段Now the American Automobile Association Foundations For TrafficSafety in Washington D．C．is planning to repeat Japan's success，現(xiàn)在在華盛頓特區(qū)的美國(guó)汽車(chē)協(xié)會(huì)為了交通安全正在計(jì)劃效仿日本的成功的例子，可知美國(guó)要學(xué)習(xí)日本的方式；故選A．
55．C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"However，traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars．"然而，當(dāng)司機(jī)習(xí)慣于看到畫(huà)桿時(shí)行駛速度常在數(shù)月內(nèi)返回到全速；故選C．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2017屆黑龍江省大慶市高三第三次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（三模）英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

The chances are that you’ve walked past a QR Code(二維碼) or come into contact with one recently, possibly without noticing. Even if you haven’t seen one before, here are some examples for you.

But what exactly are QR Codes? Very simply, they are bar-codes, not too dissimilar to the bar-codes you saw on the package of almost every product you bought. QR Codes are combined with multiple rows and columns(列), which allows QR Code to stone its data.

QR Codes started out in the East but their popularity exploded worldwide within a few years. They are flexible, cheap, easy to read by scanners as simple as an App on your smart phone and easy for anybody to create. The direction of reading the QR codes is not limited. Even when damaged there is a chance that they are still readable. Unlike traditional bar-codes which are 1 dimensional （using 1 row of lines）, QR Codes use 2 dimensions, which allows them to store a lot more data in the same area of space.

But can a picture or music be stored in a QR Code? Images and sounds consume much more data than text and a QR Code is limited to storing 3kb of data. The size of an image will need to be made so small to be stored that it will be impractical to do so. So it is with songs. In fact if you have a need to present the user with an image or kick off a music stream when they scan your QR Code, why not look to host it somewhere and then have your QR code simply linked to the content?

Not only have QR Codes surely brought us great convenience, but also security concerns at the same time. For example, a QR Code may be covered by one designed by a cheater on purpose, without being recognized. You sign up entering all your account details only to find the following day someone has gained access to your account because of the information you entered in that website.

1.What do we know about QR Codes?

A. They can be scanned from any direction

B. They use 1 row of lines to store data.

C. They are readable when damaged.

D. They are flexible but not cheap.

2.Which is one big drawback of QR Codes?

A. A QR Code can be linked to somewhere else.

B. QR Codes cannot be used to present a picture.

C. A QR Code can store data of no more than 3kb.

D. QR Codes can only be read with an app on your smart phone.

3.From the text we can infer that _______.

A. traditional bar-codes have an advantage over QR codes in storing data

B. we had better pay attention to the security when using QR codes

C. it makes sense to store a song of a picture in a QR code

D. QR Codes are so dangerous that they are not worth using

4.The text mainly talks about______.

A. the use of QR Codes

B. the disadvantages of QR Codes

C. the advantages of QR Codes

D. the formation of QR Codes

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