Question

【題目】請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。

The expression,“ everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks“ how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to“ keep up with the Joneses”.

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.

Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

What is Peer Pressure

Concept of peer pressure	Peer pressure refer to the strong【1】that you must do thing the way other people of your ager do.
	It works in nearly everyone of us, and 【2】us in one way or another, good or bad.
A【3】function of peer pressure to society	Being social creature, people expect the approval from their fellow members
	People around will affect how one lives【4】.
	Peer pressure helps society function efficiently.
Influences of peer pressure on 【5】	The desire to be socially accepted by one’s peers is like a drug.
	Negative influences include lack of 【6】sense, criminal offences and over—consumption.
	Positive influences are good grades , team 【7】,and the building–up of good 【8】.ect.
	To avoid the danger of negative peer pressure, kids should learn to be 【9】when necessary, and say 【10】to anything that is wrong or illegal.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】feeling

【2】influences

【3】practical

【4】unconsciously

【5】individuals

【6】moral

【7】spirit

【8】habits

【9】independent

【10】no

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了什么是Peer Pressure（同輩壓力），以及Peer Pressure帶來的積極影響和消極影響。

【1】

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意為“同輩壓力是一種強烈的______，讓你必須以同齡人的方式做事”。結(jié)合第一段 It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.可知，這是一個群體，尤其是兒童，對該群體成員的強烈影響，使其表現(xiàn)得像其他人一樣。它可以是積極的，也可以是消極的。大多數(shù)人在一生中都會以某種方式經(jīng)歷它。所以同輩壓力會讓人感覺到壓力，所以它應(yīng)該是一種感覺。故填feeling。

【2】

考查原詞重現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“It is a strong influence of a group”可知，同輩壓力是一種群體的強大的影響力。所以空格處and _____ us in one way or another應(yīng)為它在以某種方式影響我們，但要注意這里填的influence為動詞，主語為it，所以應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填influences。

【3】

考查原詞重現(xiàn)�？崭袼�在句句意為“同輩壓力對社會的______作用”。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently.”可知，同輩壓力有一個實際的方面：它有助于社會高效運轉(zhuǎn)。可推斷出同輩壓力對社會有實際作用。故填practical。

【4】

考查理解概括�？崭袼�在句句意為“周圍的人會_____影響一個人的生活方式”。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval.”可知，人類的自尊來自別人對自己的看法，這是一種天性，所以周圍的人對一個人的生活方式的影響是不知不覺地。故填unconsciously。

【5】

考查原詞重現(xiàn)�？崭袼�在句句意為“同輩壓力對的______影響”。這句話對應(yīng)的表格內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在文章第三段，根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction”可知，這段主要講的是同輩壓力對個人的影響。故填individuals。

【6】

考查理解概括�？崭袼�在句句意為“消極影響包括缺少_____，犯罪和過度消費”。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong.”可知，同輩壓力會迫使個人拋棄是非觀，也就是缺少道德感。故填moral。

【7】

考查理解概括。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win.”可知，如果你是運動隊里的運動員，同輩壓力會促使你為了隊伍的勝利，努力比賽，也就是讓你具有團隊精神。故填spirit。

【8】

考查原詞重現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.”可知，同輩壓力會促使你養(yǎng)成一個好習(xí)慣或改掉一個壞習(xí)慣。這里要注意空格前無冠詞且空格處只能填一個詞，所以要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填habits。

【9】

考查理解概括�？崭袼�在句句意為“為了避免消極的同輩壓力的危險，孩子們應(yīng)該學(xué)會_____當必要的時候”。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“They teach kids to stand up and be themselves”可知，學(xué)校應(yīng)該教孩子們做自己，也就是要有獨立的判斷力。故填independent。

【10】

考查理解概括�？崭袼�在句句意為“對任何錯誤的或違法的事情說_____”。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong.”可知，要鼓勵孩子們拒絕做那些他們認為違法的事情，也就是對錯誤的事情說“不”。故填no。