16．Rent control，like all other government-mandated（強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的）PRICE CONTROL，is a law placing a maximum price，or a"rent ceiling，"on what landlords may charge tenants（房客）．It is a program designed to stop rents from rising rapidly and is used mainly in large urban areas where there are more people than housing．In cities with rent control，the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment．Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in the apartments．Their rent cannot increase；therefore，they are not in danger of losing their homes．However，almost all the critics conclude that rent control is destructive．They say after a long time，rent control may have negative effects．
In a 1990 survey of 464 people published in．the May 1992 issue of the American Economic Review，93% of US respondents agreed that a ceiling on rents reduces the quantity and quality of apartments available．Landlords are too cautious （perhaps too smart） to put their faith in rental apartments because they know that the rental-controlled apartments cannot increase their profits．Therefore，they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits．They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled．As a result，new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any．
Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way．The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers．The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled，low-paying jobs．However，if the minimum is high，employers may hire fewer workers．They will replace workers with machinery．The price，which is the wage that employers must pay，increases．Therefore，other things being equal，the number of workers that employers want decreases．Thus，critics claim，an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment．Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage．
Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity，Because of the law，workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum．Furthermore，employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages．But the supporters make a big error．They fail to realize that it is possible for such a law to increase wages beyond the value of what the workers contributes．
Economic theories predict the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production，rent control，and the minimum wage．The predictions may be correct only if"other things are equal"．Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．

61．According to the passage，rent control willD．
A．encourage landlords to invest in apartments
B．improve the quality of apartments
C．protect the tenants'interests
D．cause a shortage of apartments
62．We can infer from the passage that．D
A．many people won't find jobs if the minimum wage is set
B．some economists do not agree with the economic theories
C．economic theories are not always correct
D．the results of economic decisions cannot always be predicted
63．The passage is mainly about．B
A．the relationship between supply and demand
B．the possible results of government controls
C．the economic theories about rent control
D．the urgency of getting rid of rent control
64．The author's attitude towards the rent control and the minimum wage isC．
A．supportive         B．objective          C．critical                D．indifferent．

分析 本文主要講述了政府會為了控制上漲的房租而實施的一項控制令，以及它可能會產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果．

解答 61．D  細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，Rent control，like all other government-mandated（強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的）PRICE CONTROL，is a law placing a maximum price，or a"rent ceiling，"on what landlords may charge tenants（房客）．It is a program designed to stop rents from rising rapidly and is used mainly in large urban areas where there are more people than housing…new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any房租控制令的頒布，會限制房主受房客的高價房費．其目的在于阻止快速上漲的房租，而在都市地區(qū)人口數(shù)比房子多的多的地方，必定會引起人們的租房熱，結(jié)合選項，故選D
62．D 推理題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．由此可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)決策所帶來的結(jié)果并不是那么容易預(yù)測的，也并不是總能夠被預(yù)測到．結(jié)合選項，故選D
63．B 主旨題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，主要講述了政府會為了控制上漲的房租而實施的一項控制令，以及它可能會產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果．結(jié)合選項，故選B
64．C 作者觀點題．根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree，however，that there are no simple answers to economic questions．通過對經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的描述，說明經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家并不同意某些觀點，有些人甚至批評它．由此透露出作者對房租控制令和最低工資的批評態(tài)度，故選C

點評 題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．

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