Question

Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol? This effect is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians. It affects about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans.
For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects. Most commonly, their face, neck and sometimes their whole body turn red. People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach. They might experience a burning sensation, increased heart rate, shortness of breath and headaches.
The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency (缺乏). It prevents their bodies from treating alcohol the way other people do. But the effects might be more serious than just a red face. Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus (食道) from drinking alcohol.
The more alcohol people with this deficiency drink, the greater their risk is. In Japan and South Korea, for example, many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily. Researchers found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to ten times more often than those without the deficiency.
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. It can be treated when found early, but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply. The researchers estimate that at least five hundred forty million people have the deficiency, about eight percent of the world’s population.
Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National Institute in the United States. He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer. He says doctors should ask East Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol. Those with a history of it should be advised to limit their alcohol use. They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
【小題1】The underlined word “flush” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_________”.

A．walk unsteadily	B．turn red in the face
C．a(chǎn)ppear unpleasant	D．talk more than usual

【小題2】The second paragraph is mainly about _________.

A．the cause of the effects of alcohol

B．Asians and alcohol

C．the advantages of drinking alcohol

D．unpleasant effects caused by alcohol

【小題3】We can infer from the passage that _________.

A．a(chǎn)bout 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkers

B．the ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generation

C．unpleasant effects occur only when people with this deficiency drink a lot

D．only some East Asians have the ALDH2 deficiency

【小題4】Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers because _________.

A．it can’t be treated at all

B．it is hard to be discovered early

C．it is hard to cure once it has developed

D．people are usually addicted to alcohol

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】B
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：
【小題1】推斷題。從第2段Most commonly, their face, neck and sometimes their whole body turn red.可知，他們的臉、脖子有時候整個身體都會變紅。故選B。
【小題2】主旨歸納題。從第2段第一句可知，甚至小量的酒也會引起不舒服的反應(yīng)。第2段后文全部講到的是不適的癥狀。故選B。
【小題3】推斷題。從第一段中可知臉紅影響了36%的日本人、中國人和韓國人。并非這些人酗酒。排除A。第三段第一句，原因是與生俱來的基因的差異，這種差異被叫做ALDH2先天性缺乏，故它有可能是遺傳的。B正確。第二段第一句可知少量的酒也有可能導致不適，排除C。文章并沒有說只有東亞人有這種缺陷，故排除D。
【小題3】細節(jié)題。第五自然段，It can be treated when found early, but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply.食道癌可以在早期發(fā)現(xiàn)時治愈，一旦進一步發(fā)展了就很難以治愈，故選C。
考點：說明文
點評：文章講述了喝酒引起臉紅這樣的簡單現(xiàn)象，是一種基因缺陷所造成的。從而如果進一步的酗酒會導致食道癌的出現(xiàn)。文章文脈清晰，題目設(shè)置并不難，解答此類文章需要把握作者意思，對有些專有名詞不必認識，只需找準文章的位置，將題目和文章兩者結(jié)合便可解答出來了。