damage/destroy   

a. Smoking can _____your health.   

b. His careless remark _____his reputation.

c. An explosion _______________the building completely.

d. The court awarded him $200_______________to that company.

e. What’s the _________of the furniture.  

f. What some people did has done _____the environment.

 a. damage    b. has destroyed    c. has destroyed   d. damages   e. damage   f. damage to

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年安徽省渦陽(yáng)四中高二下學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

When the Berlin Wall came down in 1989, Leonard Bernstein gave a concert in Berlin, including Beethoven's Ode to Joy, with the word "Joy" changed to "Freedom" in the lyrics sung．The orchestra（管弦樂隊(duì)）were drawn from both East and West Germany, as well as the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States．
Freedom was in the air and it was not just for people． The wall between East and West Germany had also kept a large population of wild pigs within the eastern forests of Brandenburg．The wall's falling down made it easier for the big pigs—a very big one can weigh over 300 pounds—to leave the woodlands and walk into the town． Warm winters and easy access to food have helped the population increase． Now about 10,000 wild pigs walk around Berlin．
The nature of the beast has added to the boom（興旺）．"The pigs are intelligent," says Marc Franusch, a spokesman for the Berlin forestry department． "They learn to use the neighborhoods．They get used to people, dogs, and traffic．"  
The wild pigs tend to travel in small groups and have been found searching rubbish and gardens, feeding their piglets（小豬）in the shadow of parked cars, and crossing busy roads．On average, the animals are involved in one traffic accident every day． And despite the fact that it's illegal, some Berliners have been known to give the pigs food．
Though wild pigs are protected under German law, the city's forestry department is permitted to kill 2,000 of the creatures every year, targeting mostly young adult animals in forests surrounding Berlin． Pigs within city limits are only shot if they make an immediate threat．No humans have yet been seriously wounded by them, but local dogs have been the victims of their tusks． "The forestry department is not aiming to get rid of the pigs," explains Franusch, "but we do have to reduce dangerous situations．"
【小題1】The concert in the first paragraph is given to          ．

A．celebrate Bernstein's successB．remind people of fighting for rights
C．show the artists' delight of lifeD．express people's joy for freedom
【小題2】The following factors contribute to the boom of wild pigs EXCEPT          ．
A．the Berlin WallB．a(chǎn)dequate food
C．their own natureD．warm winter
【小題3】From the text we can know that          ．
A．in Berlin people can never kill any wild pig
B．it is against law to offer food to wild pigs
C．wild pigs each weigh more than three hundred pounds
D．traffic accidents are mainly caused by wild pigs in Berlin
【小題4】The article mainly talks about           ．
A．why wild pigs in Berlin enjoy so much freedom
B．when wild pigs were united in Berlin
C．how wild pigs are living in Berlin
D．what damage wild pigs have done to Berliners

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：河北省唐山一中2010屆高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試試題（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解


A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December．
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought．Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city．The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities．
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate．Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke （中風(fēng)） and other cardiovascular （心臟血管的） events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution．
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research．The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems．
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles （粒子，微粒） in the air in 36 areas across the country．That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency．The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses．
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event．But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease．
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood．The chemicals then could damage the heart．
1．The passage mainly talks about______．
A．the effects of pollution on women
B．how to protect women from air pollution
C．how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D．the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2．The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______．
A．people are paying more and more attention to their health
B．the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C．Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D．a(chǎn)ir pollution is becoming more and more serious
3．We can learn from the passage that _______．
A．a(chǎn)ir pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B．the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C．people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D．a(chǎn)ir pollution affects women more than men
4．The study implies that ______．
A．a(chǎn)ir pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B．small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C．the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D．a(chǎn)ir pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：山東省齊河縣2009-2010學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題 題型：閱讀理解


第三部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）
Burns can be caused by fire, the sun, chemicals, heated objects or fluids, and electricity. They can be minor problems or life-threatening emergencies. Distinguishing a minor burn from a more serious burn involves determining the degree of damage to the tissues of the body. If you are not sure how serious the burn is, seek emergency medical help.
First-degree burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned. The skin is usually red and some swelling (腫大) and pain may occur. Unless the burn involves large portions of the body, it can be treated at home.
Second-degree burns are those in which the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin is also burned. In these burns, the skin reddens intensely and blisters (水泡) develop. Severe pain and swelling also occur. Second-degree burns require medical treatment.
Third-degree burns are the most serious and involve all layers of skin. Fat, nerves, muscles, and even bones may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear a dry white. If nerve damage is substantial, there may be no pain at all. These burns require emergency medical attention.
Follow these steps when treating minor burns at home:
1) If the skin is not broken, run cool water over the burn for several minutes.
2) Cover the burn with a sterile (消過毒的) bandage or clean cloth.
3) Take aspirin to relieve any swelling or pain.
Seek emergency treatment immediately for major burns. Before an emergency unit arrives, follow these steps:
1) Remove the person from the source of the burn (fire, electrical current, etc.).
2) If the person is not breathing, begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸) immediately.
3) Remove all clothing to stop further burning. If the clothing is stuck to the burn, do not attempt to remove it.
4) Cover the burned area with a cool, moist, sterile bandage or clean cloth. Do not place any creams, ointments (藥膏) or ice on the burned area or break blisters.
5) Monitor the patient for signs of shock, and treat accordingly.
1. The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means “______”.
A. They can be dangerous if you don’t treat them seriously
Ｂ. They range from slight burns to deadly ones
C. They seldom cause deaths even if not treated properly
D. They usually cause deaths if not treated properly
2. Burns are divided into different degrees according to _______.
A. what kind of treatment they need
B. what kind of tissue of the body is damaged
C. whether there is pain and what degree of pain there is
D. which layer of skin is burned
3. From the passage we learn that _______.
A. if there is severe pain, then you need medical treatment
B. first-degree burns don’t require medical treatment
C. burns without pains can be treated at home
D. the larger the swelling is, the more serious it is
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. you shouldn’t cover the burn with a bandage or cloth if it is severe
B. you shouldn’t move the person unless you know how to do first aid
C. you shouldn’t run cool water over the burn if the skin is broken
D. you shouldn’t place any wet towels on the burned area
5.where do you probably find the passage?
A.a fashion magazine     B.a guide book
C.a book on first aid      D.a section about culture in the newspaper

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年浙江省紹興市第一中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期階段性考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Every day 25 million U.S. children ride school buses. The safety record for these buses is much better than for passenger cars; but nevertheless, about 10 children are killed each year riding on large school buses, and nearly four times that number are killed outside buses in the loading zones. By and large, however, the nation’s school children are transported to and from school safely.
Even though the number of school bus accidents is not large, the safety of children is always of intense public concern. While everyone wants to see children transported safely, people are divided about what needs to be done-particularly whether seat belts should be compulsory.
People in favor of seat belts on school buses-many of them parents and medical organizations-argue that seat belts are necessary not only to reduce fatality and injury, but also to teach children lessons about the importance of using them routinely in any moving vehicle. A side benefit, they point out, is that seat belts help keep children in their seats, away from the bus driver.
People who object to seat belt installation suggest that children are already well protected by the school buses that follow the Nation Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) safety requirements set in 1977. They also believe that many children won’t wear seat belts anyway, and that may damage the belts or use them as weapons to hurt other children.
A new research council report on school bus safety suggest that there are alternate safety devices and procedures that may be more effective and less expensive. For example, the study committee suggested that raising seat backs four inches may have the same safety effectiveness as seat belts.
The report sponsored by the Department of transportation at the request of Congress, reviews seat belts extensively while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses.
【小題1】According to the passage, the “school bus” is _________.

A．the bus offered by the school and different from the public bus
B．the bus that has no difference from the public bus
C．the bus that is driven by the students
D．the bus that is not safe
【小題2】According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control of the school buses “safety”?
A．A new Research Council.
B．The Department of Transportation.
C．The Medical Organization.
D．National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
【小題3】It may be inferred from this passage that __________.
A．many of the opponents(反對(duì)者) of seat belt installation are parents and officials of the Department of Transportation
B．proposals of seat belts on school buses would be seriously considered
C．a(chǎn)n alternate safety device (raising seat backs four inches) may be taken into consideration
D．The Department of Transportation may either take the idea of seat belts or other measures when it reviews the whole situation
【小題4】The title below which best expresses the idea of the passage is“_______”.
A．Making School Buses Even Safer for Children
B．Seat Belts Needed on School Buses
C．Alternate Safety Devices and Procedures
D．Safety in and around School Buses
【小題5】What is the writer’ s attitude towards the safety of the school bus is _______.
A．CriticalB．NegativeC．ObjectiveD．Indifferent

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：2013屆江西省吉安一中高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：填空題


Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time. Without treatment，a bad cut can lead to permanent damage. But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention? We asked Dr. Martin Brown. Chairman of the department of emergency medicine at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.   
First，the medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration(嚴(yán)重劃破，撕裂傷). Dr. Brown says the length is usually not as important as the depth. He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. “If you have a short but deep laceration where there’s been a structure underneath that's been damaged a tendon，a nerve，a blood vessel,”says Martin，“it may, in fact，need professional attention. ”
Some injuries —like a fingertip that gets cut off might even require surgery to repair. That requires a specialist to either file(銼平) down the bone or reattach the fingertip. More often，filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.
How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is. Minor cuts usually produce what is known as venous(靜脈)bleeding. This means the blood flows steadily from the injury. The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound. Dr. Brown says in most cases holding direct pressure with clean gauze or a cloth for four to five minutes should stop the bleeding. With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood. But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force，this may be a sign of arterial(動(dòng)脈)bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.
Even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection. Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water. Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty. Dr Brown says cuts should be covered with a clean, dry bandage. 
【小題1】 What does the writer want to tell the readers in the first paragraph? 

A．Hospital emergency rooms always treat injured fingers.
B．A bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention.
C．Dr Martin Brown is in charge of Inova Alexandra Hospital.
D．It is important for us to be able to tell how serious a finger cut is.
【小題2】 According to the passage，_____________________.
A．a(chǎn) finger cut without treatment will certainly lead to permanent damage
B．the length of a cut on a finger is more important than the depth
C．a(chǎn) long but not very deep cut often doesn’t need professional attention
D．a(chǎn) short but deep laceration that’s been damaged need professional attention
【小題3】 The underlined word “reattach” in Para. 3 is closest in meaning to ________________.
A．repairB．rebuildC．reconstructD．reconnect
【小題4】 Which of the following statements in NOT true according to the passage?
A．How a wound bleeds can show us how serious the wound could be.
B．Venous bleeding will often stop when we put pressure on the wound.
C．Holding up the hand with a finger cut can reduce the loss of blood.
D．Arterial bleeding should get professional treatment as soon as possible.
【小題5】 The best title of this passage should be ______________________.
A．Hospital Emergency Treatments For Injured Fingers
B．When a Cut Finger Is More Serious Than It Might Seem
C．Serious Finger Cut That Requires Medical Attention
D．Keep Finger Cuts Clean to Prevent Serious Infection

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