請根據(jù)以下提示,用英語寫一篇短文,詞數(shù)120.
Global Shortage of Fresh Water
1. 人們認為淡水是取之不盡的(提示:雨水,河水,井水)
2. 實際上淡水是短缺的(提示:人口增加,工業(yè)用水增加,污染嚴重)
3. 我們應當怎么辦(提示:節(jié)約用水,開發(fā)新水源)
People often think that water will never be used up. There is plenty of water, such as rain, water from the rivers and wells. It seems as if water is always available around us and we never have to worry about water shortage.
In fact water is rather limited on the earth. With the rapid increase of population and fast development of industries, water is more needed than before. At the same time, a large amount of water has been polluted and wasted every day. Some big cities in China are facing the problem of water shortage already. There, water supply is controlled and industry has been restrained.
What should we do about the water shortage? I think, first, the people should be made aware of the real situation about the water. Everyone should consciously save on water and certain law should be made that no water will be polluted. We have to protect the existing water resources and develop new ones. In this way I believe that our cities will not be thirsty for water in the future.
【解析】
試題分析:考查開放性作文寫作,開放性作文給出了一個話題,并有部分的文字提示。給考生自由發(fā)揮的余地較大。對于考生的綜合能力要求較高,要求考生有很強的謀篇布局的能力和組織要點的能力。在完成開放性作文時,首先要選擇自己熟悉的短語或者句型,在你的能力范圍之內(nèi),選擇句式時要賦予變化,因為這樣你才可以更好的駕馭。同時也要選擇合適的連接詞,把各個要點組織成一個完整的整體,在發(fā)表個人觀點的時候,可以使用諺語來提升整個文章的檔次和文采,也能增加得高分的可能性。
【亮點說明】范文中出現(xiàn)一些常見的短語used up用光;plenty of許多;In fact事實上;At the same time與此同時;In this way用這種方式;It seems as if water is always available around us and we never have to worry about water shortage.這個句子運用 it seem as if 好象 這個固定句型結構;At the same time, a large amount of water has been polluted and wasted every day.這個句子運用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。We have to protect the existing water resources and develop new ones在這個句子中protect 與develop是并列的,所以形式保持一致;
考點: 提綱類作文
科目:高中英語 來源:2015屆湖北省沙市高二下學期期中考試英語試卷(解析版) 題型:閱讀理解
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”.
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme,this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能).
Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US,for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.
1.This passage is mainly concerned with ________.
A. relation between personality and behavior
B. relation between behavior and environment
C. different accounts of patterns of human behavior
D. different theories of the formation of human behavior
2.The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. creators B. advisors C. advocates D. judges
3.In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.
A. the considerable influence of the two theories
B. differences between the blacks and whites
C. racial discrimination in the United States
D. different responds to intelligence tests
4.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.
B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.
C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.
D. To present an argument in the field of social science.
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My sister and I were flying from our home in Kansas to a summer camp in Minnesota. Our plane had a two-hour at the airport in Omaha, where I saw a toy airplane that I really . I had $10 and I had no idea what I needed to at camp, but I spent $8 on the airplane anyway.
When we reached the camp, I discovered that there were no showers! , we bathed in a lake every night. I needed to buy soap. Because the regular soap I brought had chemicals that could the fish. The special soap cost $4 at the camp store. After buying the plane, I had $2 left, so I couldn’t buy the soap.
After a few days, I was a . Sally, our camp teacher, asked me if I needed some soap. When I her that I had spent my soap money on a toy airplane, she laughed and said, “You need to budget.” She then explained that a budget was a(n) for spending money to help make sure you save enough for things you — like soap — before you buy fun things — like . Sally gave me her extra soap, which I took.
When I returned home from , I decided to make my budget. Every week I spent time writing down everything I bought, and some weeks, I would have more in my “Money In” account I did odd jobs (零活) around the house.
Budgeting was , especially when my friends bought soda at the store after school and I couldn’t because I had spent all my “Want to Spend” money. But I with it, and by the next summer, I had enough money to buy a Paula Pilot doll at Omaha Airport, as well as at the camp store to Sally!
1.A. restB. tripC. flightD. stop
2.A. madeB. wantedC. leftD. remembered
3.A. learnB. bringC. buyD. do
4.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. InsteadD. Anyhow
5.A. specialB. commonC. smallD. expensive
6.A. catchB. raiseC. hurtD. control
7.A. heroB. messC. starD. failure
8.A. warnedB. toldC. suggestedD. reminded
9.A. planB. ideaC. exampleD. promise
10.A. loseB. gatherC. needD. hate
11.A. chemicalsB. clothesC. billsD. toys
12.A. fortunatelyB. cautiouslyC. unhappilyD. gratefully
13.A. schoolB. airportC. campD. hospital
14.A. dailyB. weeklyC. monthlyD. yearly
15.A. soB. andC. becauseD. until
16.A. hardB. boringC. safeD. fresh
17.A. dealtB. beganC. agreedD. stuck
18.A. receivedB. savedC. earnedD. borrowed
19.A. fishB. waterC. soapD. soda
20.A. apologize forB. call onC. care forD. pay back
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The first day our professor challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t know. I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady smiling at me.
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At the end of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet and I’ll never forget what she taught us. “There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. If you are 19 and lie in bed for one full year and don’t do one productive thing, you will turn 20. If I am 87 and stay in bed for a year and never do anything I will turn 88. We have less time to live on. Anybody can grow older. That doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opportunity in change. The elderly usually don’t have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do.”
At the year’s end, Rose finished the college degree she had dreamed about all those years. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep. Over 2,000 students attended her funeral honoring the wonderful woman who taught us such an important message.
1.Rose made herself known to the author in a _____ manner.
A. seriousB. coldC. crazyD. humorous
2.Rose was considered a “time machine” because she _____.
A. always followed a strict time schedule
B. was never late for any of her classes
C. had lived a long and rich life
D. always appeared in time whenever she was needed
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A. growing up doesn’t need as much effort or talent as growing older
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C. there is no need for one to worry about death
D. growing up means one has more chances or time to choose what one likes
4.Rose came to study in college at such an old age for the purpose of _____.
A. challenging her old age
B. realizing her long dream about college education
C. meeting someone rich and attractive
D. not having any regrets in her life
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B.Express one’s anger openly.
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A. the heart rate increases
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C. the blood contains sugar
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A. Repressing the anger.
B. Expressing the anger.
C. Learning how to make a deal.
D. Treating the anger properly.
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B.The dangers of anger and the solution.
C.New medical discoveries.
D.The argument between the new and old views about anger.
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My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling , but I always knew he was . He never criticized us, but used to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die. ” I as a child I said something about somebody, and my father said, “ time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection(反映)of you. ” He explained that if I looked for the best people, I would get the best . From then on I’ve always tried to the principle in my life and later in running my company.
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As turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national for young people in the U. K. My wife and I have two children, and I’ d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad me.
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2.A. strictB. honestC. specialD. learned
3.A. praiseB. courageC. powerD. warmth
4.A. thinkB. imagineC. rememberD. guess
5.A. unnecessaryB. unkindC. unimportantD. unusual
6.A. AnotherB. Some C. AnyD. Other
7.A. onB. inC. atD. about
8.A. in caseB. by turnsC. by chanceD. in return
9.A. processB. setC. reviewD. follow
10.A. understandingB. experiencedC. seriousD. demanding
11.A. taking upB. making upC. picking upD. keeping up
12.A. suggestionB. decisionC. noticeD. choice
13.A. andB. asC. even ifD. as if
14.A. helpedB. allowedC. persuadedD. suggested
15.A. alwaysB. neverC. seldomD. almost
16.A. ratherB. butC. forD. therefore
17.A. promiseB. taskC. beliefD. dream
18.A. thisB. heC. itD. that
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