閱讀下面短文，按要求回答問(wèn)題。

Until the twentieth century cigarettes were not an important threat to public health. Men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars. Most women did not use tobacco at all.

The cigarette industry began in the 1870s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machine. This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly, and it reduced the price.

Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. About forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of the adult women in the United States smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have given up the smoking habit. Seventy-five percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes at some time during their lives, but twenty-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking. The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing.

Men as a group smoke more than women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24-44. Income, education and occupation all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habits. City people smoke more cigarette than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, ___________, he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.

The situation is somewhat (有點(diǎn)) different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.

Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income and well-educated families. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who do not plan to continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.

1.How did men mainly use tobacco? (no more than 1 word)

In the form of ________________.

2.What were the results of the development of the manufacturing machine? (no more than 4 words)

More cigarettes are _________________________________________.

3.What are the three main factors closely related to one’s smoking habits? (no more than 4 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

4.Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases. (no more than 9 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

5.Which kind of children is most likely to pick up the habit of smoking? (no more than 6 words)

Children __________________________________________ are most likely to smoke.

 

【答案】

1.cigars                            

2.produced quickly and cheaply

3.Income, education and occupation.     

4.if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes

5.whose parent or parents smoke

【解析】

試題分析：本問(wèn)講述了煙草行業(yè)的有關(guān)信息，講述了世界煙草行業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史，以及男性和女性在吸煙方面的具體情況，影響吸煙的因素等等。

1.cigars 原詞再現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第一段第2行Men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars.

2.produced quickly and cheaply 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段2,3行This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly, and it reduced the price。

3.Income, education and occupation. 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段2,3行Income, education and occupation all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habits.

4.if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes 推理題。根據(jù)前一句Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes.說(shuō)明接受良好教育的有較高收入的人比接受教育較少的人吸煙少。On the other hand說(shuō)明存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes說(shuō)明如果教育良好的人一旦抽煙，就會(huì)抽得很多，很厲害。

5. whose parent or parents smoke推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.說(shuō)明父母抽煙，孩子抽煙的可能性較大。

考點(diǎn)：考查科普類短文閱讀

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本問(wèn)講述了煙草行業(yè)的有關(guān)信息，講述了世界煙草行業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史，以及男性和女性在吸煙方面的具體情況，影響吸煙的因素等等。以細(xì)節(jié)題和推理題的考查為主，要求考生能在仔細(xì)審題的基礎(chǔ)上根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理的判斷推理和延伸，做出準(zhǔn)確的判斷。

 

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