9.Matthew Henson-Arctic Explorer
In 1880,fourteen-year-old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea.The travel,the adventure,the danger,and the steady pay were all attracting young Henson.One day,he found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds.For the next five years,Henson sailed around the world.With the help of the ship's captain and other members of the crew,Henson learned mathematics,navigation,history,geography,and many other subjects.By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else,Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington,D.C.One day in 1887,a man came in to buy a hat.The man,Robert Peary,asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea.Peary would soon travel to South America for the U.S.government.He needed experienced men to accompany him.The shop owner knew about his young employee's skills and experience on ocean journeys,so he introduced Peary to Henson.
Using his map-reading and sailing skills,Henson proved himself to be a worthy and smart seaman.Peary soon made Henson his assistant,and they became close friends.One day Peary told Henson about his real dream:to be the first man to stand on"the top of the world"at the North Pole.He asked Henson to help him make his dream come true.Over the next five years,the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic.However,they were not able to reach the pole either time.The cold,wind,and ice were worse than either of them had ever imagined.
In 1908,Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole.Both men were over forty years old.The years of hardship in the arctic cold had made them suffer a lot.This would be their last chance.With four Inuit guides,they made a mad rush straight across the ice toward the pole.Peary's feet were injured and he had to be pulled on a dogsled.In April 1909,Henson's instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole.Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years,Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievements.Today,the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes'graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
60.In paragraph1,the author shows how Henson becameA.
A.a(chǎn) skilled seaman
B.a(chǎn) highly educated captain
C.employed in a restaurant
D.interested in helping others
61.Paragraph 2mainly tells usA.
A.how Matthew Henson met Robert Peary
B.why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop
C.why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds
D.how Robert Peary knew that Matthew Henson had sea experience
62.On their trip to the North Pole,Henson and Peary could best be compared toD.
A.treasure hunters seeking big fortunes
B.generals seeking power over another country
C.soldiers going to war to fight for their freedom
D.fighters performing a task in an unknown land
63.The information presented in this passage is mainly organizedC.
A.by cause and effect
B.by comparing and contrasting
C.in the order that the events happened
D.with main ideas and supporting examples.
分析 本文是一篇記敘文.從小喜歡聽水手故事的馬修亨森終于有一天開始了北極之旅.在經(jīng)歷惡劣自然環(huán)境和傷痛的折磨之后,他終于和同伴羅伯特皮爾里一起把美國旗插在了北極.
解答 AADC
60.答案:A.主旨大意題.第一段講了Henson的經(jīng)歷并且結(jié)尾處說By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885,Henson was well educated and had become an excellent seaman.由此可知,第一段是在講Henson成為海員的經(jīng)過,故答案為A.
61.答案:A.主旨大意題.第二段講述了Henson遇到Peary的經(jīng)過,故答案為A.
62.答案:D.推理判斷題.二人多次努力,最終成功到達(dá)了北極極點(diǎn).這個(gè)旅途非常艱難,兩個(gè)人都吃了不少的苦頭,直到40多歲才成功.整個(gè)過程就像斗士在一片未知的土地上完成任務(wù)一般.故答案為D
63.答案 C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 文章先從1880年講起,然后1885,1887,1908和1909,一直到今天,說明本文是按照時(shí)間發(fā)展的時(shí)間順序來寫,故答案為C
點(diǎn)評(píng) 首先,對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意.因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料.
其次,細(xì)讀題材,各個(gè)擊破.掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀文章后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息.
最后,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時(shí),要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性.對(duì)于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對(duì)題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn).