Question

Mosquitoes(蚊子) ruin countless American picnics every year, but around the world, this bloodsucking beast isn’t just annoying— it causes a health problem. More than a million people die from the spread of mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and yellow fever each year. Attempts to control populations via insecticides like DDT have had ruinous side effects for nature and human health. Neurobiologist Leslie B. Vosshall has a different solution for stopping the insects and the spread of disease. “I believe the key to controlling mosquito behavior is to understand better how they sense us,” she says.

At their Rockefeller University lab, Vosshall and her colleagues are studying the chemical sensory processes by which mosquitoes choose hosts. How do they sense heat, humidity, carbon dioxide, and body odor(氣味)? What makes some people more attractive to a mosquito than others? It takes blood and sweat to find out. To study how mosquitoes assess body odor, Vosshall and her teammates might wear stockings on their arms and keep from showering for 24 hours to create sample smells, Then comes the hard part. They insert their arms into the insects’ hidden home to study how mosquitoes land, bite, and feed and then they document how this changes. This can mean getting anywhere from one bite to 400, depending on the experiment. Studying male mosquitoes is more pleasant. Since they don’t feed on blood, the lab tests their sense of smell using honey.

Vosshall and her team have also begun to study how genetics contribute to mosquitoes’ choice of a host. She’s even created a breed that is unable to sense carbon dioxide, an important trigger for the insects. “By using genetics to make mutant(變異的) mosquitoes, we can document exactly how and why mosquitoes hunt humans,” Vosshall says.

Once Vosshall figures out what makes mosquitoes flock to us, she can get to work on making them leave us alone. Many of her lab’s proposed solutions sound simple enough, including bracelets(手鐲) that carry long-lasting repellants(驅(qū)蟲(chóng)劑) or traps that can reduce populations, but the breakthroughs, when they come, may save millions of lives in the developing world—and a lot of itching everywhere else.

1.Vosshall and her colleagues are mainly studying mosquitoes’ ______

A. appearance B. size

C. behavior D. change

2.By saying the underlined part “Then comes the hard part”, the author probably means that______.

A. the insects smell terrible

B. the experiment will last long

C. The researchers will probably suffer

D. the researchers have to study lots of documents.

3.Why is it less challenging to study male mosquitoes?

A. They are not bloodsuckers.

B. They are afraid of stockings.

C. They have a poor sense of smell.

D. They are protective of their hosts.

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Vosshall’s research______.

A. looks very promising

B. has saved millions of lives

C. is facing great difficulties

D. is quite simple to carry out.

Answer 1

1.C

2.C

3.A

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要講了蚊子毀了無(wú)數(shù)美國(guó)人每年的野餐，然而，除此之外，蚊子還會(huì)傳播很多疾病，比如瘧疾和黃熱病等。神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家Leslie B. Vosshall發(fā)明了通過(guò)了解蚊蟲(chóng)如何影響我們，來(lái)阻止蚊蟲(chóng)和蚊蟲(chóng)傳播疾病的方法。Vosshall和他的同事在實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究了蚊子選擇叮咬主人的化學(xué)反應(yīng)過(guò)程以及基因如何影響蚊子選擇叮咬主人。Vosshall可以通過(guò)弄清楚是什么讓蚊子涌向我們，來(lái)繼續(xù)研究讓我們遠(yuǎn)離蚊子的方法。

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考點(diǎn)：考查說(shuō)明文閱讀。