Question

【題目】閱讀理解。

Encouragement and praise can come in many forms,and some ways are better for children’s development than others.Researchers at the University of Chicago who studied mother-child interactions over the course found that the type of praise children receive affects their attitudes toward challenges later in life.Specifically,praise coming with feedback about their behavior that kids made helped them to deal better with difficult experiences five years later,compared with compliments that focused more on the child himself,like “You’re a good boy.”

“This is something we suspected would be the case based on a lot of experimental research,and it’s exciting to see it plays out in the real world,” says Elizabeth,a professor of psychology at Temple University,who led the study.“Praising the efforts,actions and work of the kid is going to be more beneficial in their long-term persistence and work hard in the future.”

Such “process praise” includes comments such as “You worked really hard” or “You’re doing a great job,” which emphasize the child’s actions.“Person praise” includes comments like “You’re so smart” or “You’re so good,” which focus on a child’s inherent qualities.These distinctions aren’t new in the field of psychology,but exactly how they affect children’s development over the years hasn’t been clear.

As part of the study,researchers visited the homes of more than 50 toddlers between the age of 1 and 3 years old,and filmed their daily interactions with their parents during multiple 90-minute sessions.Five years later,the researchers followed up with the families,using questionnaires to measure the children’s attitudes toward challenges and problem solving.The children who grew up with more process praise were more open to challenge,and could identify more ways of overcoming difficult problems.While person praise didn’t seem to have any negative effect on the children,process praise teaches children that their talents and abilities can be developed and improved,while person praise sends the message that their abilities are fixed and therefore not easily changed.

【1】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.Praising inspires kids to form good personal quality.

B.Praising kids is tested to be effective in the long run.

C.The process of praising kids experiment is suspected.

D.The praising experiment is carried out in real situation.

【2】The underlined word “distinctions” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .

A.condition B.differences

C.exception D.appearance

【3】From the last paragraph we can learn that .

A.kids should not be praised too frequently

B.different kids should be praised differently

C.process praise is less effective as we expected

D.kids with process praise tend to be more creative

【4】What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To introduce a better way to praise kids.

B.To compare two different praising ways.

C.To predict the result of process praising.

D.To report the way of praising experiment.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

試題分析：

【1】細節(jié)理解題。C項與第二段第一句表達不符,故選C項。

【2】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句及第二句的句意可得知:作者是在比較兩種表揚方式的差異:過程式表揚關(guān)注孩子的行為,而個人表揚更強調(diào)孩子的本性。因此是關(guān)于不同點的描述,故選B項。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“The children who grew up with more process praise were more open to challenge,and could identify more ways of overcoming difficult problems”及第四句“...process praise teaches children that their talents and abilities can be developed and improved...”可推斷出:過程式的表揚可以使孩子更具創(chuàng)造力。

【4】主旨大意題。文章的中心思想和主題大意出現(xiàn)在第一段及最后一段,本文主要介紹一種更佳的表揚方式,因此選A項。B項和D項未抓住重點,本文并不是主要比較兩種表揚方式的異同及介紹表揚的過程,C項未提及。