Question

【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式

Scientists have found a reliable way to lengthen life in lab animals:Reduce the amount of calories(卡路里)they eat.

This method,【1】(know)as caloric restriction, has been shown to lengthen life of organisms ( 有 機體 )and reduce some age-related【2】(disease).Whether it can do the same in people has been an open question. 【3】 ,a new study suggests that in adults, long-term restriction of calorie intake can have an effect on their health.

The researchers looked at a group of 143 healthy adults who ranged in age【4】21 to 50. They were instructed【5】(practice)caloric restriction for two years.They could eat the foods they wanted so long as they cut back on the foods they ate,with the aim of【6】(cut)the calories they consumed by 25 percent.

Many did not achieve that goal.On average,the dieters managed to cut down about 12 percent of their total calories, or【7】(rough)300 calories a day. But the group saw many of their health markers improve. They【8】(lose)body fat, their blood pressure fell slightly, and they had better blood sugar control. Meanwhile, another 75 healthy adults 【9】 did not practice caloric restriction saw no 【10】 (improve)in these markers.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】known

【2】diseases

【3】However

【4】from

【5】to practice

【6】cutting

【7】roughly

【8】lost

【9】who/that

【10】improvement/improvements

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。介紹了一種延長有機體壽命的可靠方法：熱量（卡路里）限制。

【1】考查非謂語動詞。主句中主謂賓齊全，要填詞應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，作定語修飾主語this method ，非謂語動詞的邏輯主語method和動詞know之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用V-ed形式，故填known。

【2】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。disease為可數(shù)名詞，前面的修飾詞為some，所以要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填diseases。

【3】考查副詞。上文……has been an open question，這一研究成果是否適合于人類還有疑問，下文……can have an effect on their health，對人的健康能夠產(chǎn)生影響，前后句的意思相反，邏輯關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞，填空詞后有逗號，不能填連詞but，故填However。

【4】考查介詞。from ……to從……到……，固定搭配，從21歲到50歲，故填from。

【5】考查非謂語動詞。instruct后跟動詞不定式作賓語，故填to practice。

【6】考查非謂語動詞。介詞of后跟代詞、名詞或動名詞，故填cutting。

【7】考查副詞。所填詞修飾cut down，動詞短語，所以要用副詞，故填roughly。

【8】考查時態(tài)。句子在介紹做過的研究，已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事件，上下文都是用的一般過去時，所以填空詞也要用一般過去時，故填lost。

【9】考查限制性定語從句。先行詞為adults，指人，關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作主語，所以可用who或that，故填who/that。

【10】考查名詞（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）。動詞saw后跟名詞作其賓語，所以要用improve的名詞形式，在no后的名詞improvement即可以用單數(shù)形式，又可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填improvement/ improvements。