Question

Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short nap can boost our memory and sharpen our thinking. But the relationship goes deeper than that.

“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”

Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any complex information, like new words or facts. Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.

When we smell something good, like a flower, we take deep breaths. When we smell something bad, we take short breaths. Arzi and her co-workers based their experiment on these reactions.

Once the volunteers fell asleep in the lab, the scientists went to work. They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸氣) deeply. Then the scientists gave the volunteers a whiff of something terrible and played a different musical note. Again, the volunteers heard and smelled—a short snort this

time—but didn’t wake up. The researchers repeated the experiment.

After just four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their paired smells. When the scientists played the musical tone that went with good smells, the sleepers breathed deeply. And when the scientists played the musical tone that went with bad smells, the sleepers breathed briefly—despite there being no bad smell.

The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them. Imagine walking down the street and taking a deep breath upon hearing a particular sound!

1.In the study, the volunteers were taught _______. 

A．to become active during sleep

B．to tell the difference between smell

C．to learn new words and scientific facts

D．to make sound-smell connections

2. How did the volunteers react when smelling something nice and hearing musical notes?

A．They took a deep breath.                 B．They had a wonderful dream.

C．They woke up at once.                   D．They took a short breath.

3. When the volunteers woke up the next day, they_______.

A．learned how to play to musical tones

B．forgot what happened during their sleep

C．continued with the sound-smell connection

D．changed their reaction when hearing.

4.The passage mainly tell us______

A．special smells and sounds can improve our memory.

B．our brain can actually learn something new during the sleep.

C．the volunteers will always hear similar sounds in the street.

D．our brain can tell the difference between smells during the sleep.

5.Which of the following is NOT true?

A．A short sleep can improve our memory and sharpen our thinking.

B．Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteer some simple information.

C．When the volunteer smelt something terrible, they didn’t wake up.

D．After four repetitions, volunteers made a connection between the musical notes and their pared smells.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.D

2.A

3.C

4.B

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要講述的是人在睡眠的時候，我們的大腦仍然是活躍的，仍然在學(xué)習(xí)很多新鮮的知識，文章中還描述了一個具體的實驗來證明這一點。

1.D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Instead, the scientists taught volunteers to make new connections between smells and sounds.可知在這個實驗里，主要是把聲音和味道聯(lián)系在一起的。故D正確。

2.A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第五段前3行They gave them a whiff of something pleasant and meanwhile played a particular musical note. They didn’t wake up, but they heard—and sniffed(吸氣) deeply可知當(dāng)人們聞到好的味道時候，會做深呼吸。故A正確。

3.C 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段前3行The next day, the volunteers woke up with the sound-smell connection. They breathed deeply when hearing one tone and cut their breaths short when hearing the other, which must have been unusual for them.可知當(dāng)人們第二天蘇醒以后仍然有同樣的聯(lián)系。故C正確。

4.B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段1,2段Scientists have proved that sleeping and learning go hand in hand. Even a short nap can boost our memory and sharpen our thinking. But the relationship goes deeper than that.和“The brain is not passive while you sleep,” scientist Anat Arzi said. “It’s quite active. You can do many things while you are asleep.”可知本文主要講述的是在睡眠的時候我們的大腦也在學(xué)習(xí)某些東西，后面的實驗也證明了這一點。故B正確。

5.B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段Arzi and her coworkers didn’t try to teach the sleeping volunteers any complex information, like new words or facts. 可知B項內(nèi)容錯誤。

考點：考察科普類短文閱讀

點評：本文主要講述的是人在睡眠的時候，我們的大腦仍然是活躍的，仍然在學(xué)習(xí)很多新鮮的知識，文章中還描述了一個具體的實驗來證明這一點。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主，細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比，找出答案。