Far form the land of Antarctica(南極洲), a huge of shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.

   For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.

   Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.

   The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05℃,That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.

   The scientists’ next research job was clear. Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein(蛋白質(zhì)) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

   Study showed that it is an unusually kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.

1. What is the text mainly about?

   A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.

   B. A special fish living in freezing waters.

   C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.

   D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.

2. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?

   A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88℃.

   B. It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.

   C. A special protein keeps it from freezing.

   D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05℃.

3. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?

   A. A type of ice-salt mixture.          B. A newly found protein

   C.  Fish blood.                         D. Sugar molecule.

4. what does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?

   A. sugar           B. ice            C. blood        D. molecule

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：黃岡兵法同步學(xué)案高二英語(yǔ)(下) 題型：050

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　People used to say，“The hand that rocks the cradle(搖籃)rules the world”and“Behind every successful man there's a woman．”

　　Both of these sayings mean the same thing．Men rule the world，but their wives rule them．Most of the American women like making their husbands and sons successful，but some of them want for themselves．They want good jobs．When they work，they want to be better paid．They want to be as successful as men．

　　The American women's liberation movement was started by women who don't want to stand behind successful men．They want to stand beside men，with the same chance for success．They don't want to be told that certain jobs of offices are closed to them．They refuse to work side by side with men who do the same work for a higher pay．

　　A liberated woman must proud of being a woman and believe in herself．

　　If somebody says to her，“You've come a long way ,baby,”she'll smile and answer，“Not nearly as far as I'm going to go，baby！”

　　The movement is quite new，and many American women do not agree．But it has already made some important changes in women's lives-in men's lives，too．

1．“The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world”here means________．

[　　]

A．the world is now ruled over by women

B．women play an important role in men's lives and work

C．a(chǎn) man can't succeed without a woman in his office

D．a(chǎn) woman used to rule her husband

2．Those American women wish to________．

[　　]

A．have the same chance for success as men

B．get better jobs than the men working together

C．earn more money than their husbands

D．devote more to their work than to their family

3．A liberated woman must________．

[　　]

A．take pride in her husband's success

B．be fond of and devote herself to her children

C．be proud of being a woman and trust herself

D．stand before or beside her husband

4．“You've come a long way，baby”here probably means________．

[　　]

A．you've come quite a long way to see your baby

B．your home is far form where you work

C．there is still long way for you to go

D．you've achieved great success in freeing yourself

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

                            Preface

Science is a dominant(占優(yōu)勢(shì)的) theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.

 This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive（普遍的；深入的）in our culture.

 We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.

 We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.

According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means

A  cultural groups that are formed by scientists. B  people whose knowledge of science is very limited.

C  the scientific community.    D  people who make good contribution to science.

We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because

A. it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.

B Science affects almost every aspect of our life.

C Scientists live in a specific subculture.  D It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.

The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who

A are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.

B are good at producing various gadgets.

C work in a storehouse of dried facts.    D want to have a superficial understanding of science.

According to this passage,

A English is a sexist language.  B only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.

C women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.

D male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.

This passage most probably is

A. book review. B the preface of a book.  C the postscript of a book.  D the concluding part of a book.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Passage four(preface)

  Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.

  This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.

  We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.

  We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.

1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means

A.cultural groups that are formed by scientists.

B.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.

C.the scientific community.

D.people who make good contribution to science.

2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because

A.it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.

B.Science affects almost every aspect of our life.

C.Scientists live in a specific subculture.

D.It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.

3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who

A.are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.

B.are good at producing various gadgets.

C.work in a storehouse of dried facts.

D.want to have a superficial understanding of science.

4.According to this passage,

A.English is a sexist language.

B.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.

C.women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.

D.male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.

5.This passage most probably is

A.a book review.

B.the preface of a book.

C.the postscript of a book.

D.the concluding part of a book.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010屆高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解二十篇精讀 題型：閱讀理解


Passage four(preface)
Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.
This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.
We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means
A.cultural groups that are formed by scientists.
B.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.
C.the scientific community.
D.people who make good contribution to science.
2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because
A.it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists.
B.Science affects almost every aspect of our life.
C.Scientists live in a specific subculture.
D.It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.
3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who
A.are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science.
B.are good at producing various gadgets.
C.work in a storehouse of dried facts.
D.want to have a superficial understanding of science.
4.According to this passage,
A.English is a sexist language.
B.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.
C.women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.
D.male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.
5.This passage most probably is
A.a book review.
B.the preface of a book.
C.the postscript of a book.
D.the concluding part of a book.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Preface
Science is a dominant(占優(yōu)勢(shì)的) theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.
This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive（普遍的；深入的）in our culture.
We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means______.

    1. A.
      cultural groups that are formed by scientists
    2. B.
      people whose knowledge of science is very limited
    3. C.
      the scientific community
    4. D.
      people who make good contribution to science
  2. 2.

    We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because______.

    1. A.
      it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists
    2. B.
      Science affects almost every aspect of our life
    3. C.
      Scientists live in a specific subculture.  D It is easier to understand general characteristics of science
  3. 3.

    The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who______.

    1. A.
      are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science
    2. B.
      are good at producing various gadgets
    3. C.
      work in a storehouse of dried facts.    D want to have a superficial understanding of science
  4. 4.

    According to this passage,______.

    1. A.
      English is a sexist language
    2. B.
      only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly
    3. C.
      women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language
    4. D.
      male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists
  5. 5.

    This passage most probably is______.

    1. A.
      book review
    2. B.
      the preface of a book
    3. C.
      the postscript of a book
    4. D.
      the concluding part of a book

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