【題目】Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think what you think they think you think. The mental process(過程) is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.

The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes; there are what he called games of 'perfect information', games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks; they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information.________Business, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素), which would even puzzle (困惑)best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.

【1】The subject discussed in this text is _________.

A. the process of reaching decisions

B. the difference between poker and chess.

C. the secret of making good business plans

D. the value of information in winning games

【2】An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ___________.

A. rules B. luck C. time D. ideas

【3】Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse" in paragraph 3?

A. Quite right. B. True enough.

C. Most unlikely. D. Just the opposite.

【4】In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should ___________ .

A. put perfect information before imperfect information

B. accept the existence of unknown factors

C. regard business as a game of chess

D. mix known and unknown factors

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】試題分析：本文結(jié)合打撲克、下象棋游戲，談?wù)摿俗鳑Q定的過程。

【1】A考查主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知本文談?wù)摿俗鰶Q定的過程。故選A。

【2】B考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

可知此時(shí)提前不可能知道哪種行動(dòng)更好，所以推測(cè)出這時(shí)候運(yùn)氣很重要。故選B。

【3】D考查詞意猜測(cè)題。Quite the reverse前面提到了perfect information，后面提到了imperfect information，可知是“正好相反”的意思。故選D。

【4】B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段提到Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素), which would even puzzle (困惑)best poker players.可知作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該接受未知因素的存在。故選B。

考點(diǎn) ：說明文

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