7.Last year,CCTV journalists approached pedestrians with their cameras,held a microphone to their mouth and asked a simple question,"Are you happy?"
The question has caught many interviewees off guard.Even Mo Yan,who just won a Nobel Prize,responded by saying,"I don't know."
While the question has become a buzz phrase and the Internet plays host to heated discussions,we ask:What exactly is happiness?And how do you measure it?
In the 1776US Declaration of Independence,Thomas Jefferson set in writing the people's unalienable right to"Life,Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness".235years on,Wen Jiabao told the nation,"Everything we do is aimed at letting people live more happily."At National People's Congress,officials agreed that increasing happiness would be a top target for the 12thfive-year plan.
US psychologist Ed Diener,author of Happiness:Unlocking the Mysteries of Psychological Wealth,describes happiness as"a combination of life satisfaction and having more positive than negative emotions"according to US broadcasting network PBS.This may sound straightforward enough,but it still doesn't explain what determines people's happiness.
Many argue that happiness is elusive and that there is no single source.It also means different things to different people.For some,happiness can be as simple as having enough cash.
Researchers believe happiness can be separated into two types:daily experiences of hedonic (享樂的) well-being; and evaluative well-being,the way people think about their lives as a whole.The former refers to the quality of living,whereas the latter is about overall happiness,including life goals and achievements.Happiness can cross both dimensions (范圍).
Li Jun,a psychologist and mental therapy practitioner at a Beijing clinic,says,"Happiness can mean both the most basic human satisfaction or the highest level of spiritual pursuit.It's a simple yet profound topic."
Chen Shangyuan,21,a junior English major at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,said his idea of happiness always evolves."At present it relates to how productive I am in a day,"he said."It might be linked to job security or leisure time after I graduate."
Then there is the question of measuring happiness.Does it depend on how many friends we have,or whether we own the latest smart phone?Is it even quantifiable?
Economists are trying to measure happiness in people's lives.Since 1972,Bhutan's GDP measurement has been replaced by a Gross National Happiness index.It is calculated according to the peoples'sense of being well-governed,their relationship with the environment,their satisfaction with economic development,and their sense of national belonging.
In 2009,US economist Joseph Stiglitz proposed"to shift emphasis from measuring economic production to measuring people's well-being".But is well-being more easily measured?
63.From what Thomas Jefferson and Wen Jiabao mentioned in the passage,we knowB.
A.people's happiness is determined by great people
B.people's happiness is an important target for the development of a country
C.people in all countries have the right to ask the government for a happy life
D.people both in China and America are living a happy life
64.According to the passage,the writer may most likely agree thatD.
A.CCTV journalists are concerned about people's happiness out of sympathy
B.the question has led to heated discussions about who are the happiest people in China
C.Bhutan's new index shows that people there are the happiest in the world
D.it is not easy for us to decide what determines people's happiness
65.What does the underlined word"elusive"in the sixth paragraph mean?C
A.a(chǎn)vailable
B.easy to get
C.hard to describe
D.unimaginable
66.The best title of the passage isA.
A.Are you happy?
B.The Measurement of Happiness
C.GDP and Happiness
D.The Secret of Happiness.
分析 文章主要針對"幸福到底是什么"展開了大討論,講述了幸福的來源和決定因素.
解答 63:B 推斷題.由第四段內(nèi)容可知,托馬斯•杰斐遜認為"生活,自由,以及對于幸福的不斷追求"是人們不可剝奪的權(quán)利,溫家寶認為政府做的每件事都是為了讓人民生活地更幸福,并且在去年的全國人民代表大會上將"提高人民幸福指數(shù)"作為第十二個五年計劃的最高目標.由此可推斷,B項"人民幸福是國家發(fā)展的一項重要目標"符合文意,其他選項在文中并未涉及,故正確答案為B.
64:D 推斷題.由第六段第二句"It also means different things to different people."可知,作者認為對于不同的人幸福的定位不同,結(jié)合上下文可知,作者舉例多人對于幸福的定義,因此可推斷作者認為關(guān)于定位幸福的含義不是一件簡單的事.故正確答案為D.
65:C 推斷題.由第六段第一句"…there is no single source"可知,幸福不是一個簡單的東西,即難以簡單概括(hard to describe),又因 and 作為連詞,前后表同義,因此 elusive 的含義應與此同義,available 意為"可利用的",easy to get 意為"容易得到的",unimaginable 意為"難以想象的".故正確答案為C.
66:A 主旨題.本文第一段以"Are you happy"的采訪問題引入主題,第三段作者又進一步引出兩個問題"What exactly is happiness?And how do you measure it?"并展開后文,因有"Are you happy"這一提問的存在,才有后文對 happy 的解釋及測量,A項正確.B項,文中作者除了提及對幸福的測量,還舉例多人對幸福的定義,B項概括不全面,B項錯誤.C項,本文未用大量篇幅描述GDP指數(shù)與幸福的關(guān)系,C項錯誤.D項,本文未提及"幸福的奧秘",D項錯誤.故正確答案為A.
點評 本文是一個社會文化類閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).