Question

【題目】閱讀理解
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual (個(gè)體的) ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior.
In colonies (群體) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集體的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.
（1）We can learn from the passage that ants are ____________.
A.not willing to share food
B.not found around the poles
C.more successful than all other animals
D.too many to achieve any level of organization
（2）Ants can use pheromones for______.
A.escape
B.communication
C.warning enemies
D.arranging labor
（3）What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Accept.
B.Employ.
C.Play with.
D.Fight against.
（4）Which of the following contributes most to the survival of ants?
A.Their behavior.
B.Their size.
C.Their number.
D.Their weight

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹的是螞蟻。單個(gè)的螞蟻顯得微不足道，但成群結(jié)隊(duì)的螞蟻卻蘊(yùn)含著巨大的力量。螞蟻的數(shù)量之眾，加起來可以與人類的重量相媲美。螞蟻分布極為廣泛，除了寒冷的山頂和兩極地區(qū)，幾乎到處都有它們的蹤影。
（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.”可知答案選B，結(jié)冰的山頂和兩極沒有螞蟻。
（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend primarily on pheromone (外激素)”可知，我們使用聲音和視覺來交流，而螞蟻卻使用外激素。故選B。
（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“attacking in large groups and overcoming their target”可知，這里指與比自己大的敵人戰(zhàn)斗。故選D。
（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“l(fā)argely due to their wonderful social behavior”和最后一段中的“Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,...they think as one, they have a collective (集體的) intelligence greater”可知，螞蟻之所以能夠存活下來，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊纳鐣?huì)行為。故選A。