11.Eating too much fatty food,exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease.But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately:the air you breathe.
Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem,but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中風(fēng))within as little as a few hours after exposure.In one review of the research,scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure.A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of"moderate"(良好)quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12to 14hours of exposure.
The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.However,it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

53.The text mainly discusses the relationship betweenA.
A.heart problems and air quality  
B.heart problems and exercising
C.heart problems and smoking  
D.heart problems and fatty food
54.The underlined word"modest"in Paragraph 3most probably meansC.
A.relatively high   
B.extremely low
C.relatively low   
D.extremely high
55.What can we learn from the text?D
A.Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.
B.The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.
C.Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,
D.Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.
56.The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely toA.
A.inform  
B.persuade  
C.describe   
D.entertain.

分析 本文是一篇科普文章,主要講述了攝入過(guò)多脂肪,缺乏鍛煉以及長(zhǎng)期吸煙會(huì)增加患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),但最新的研究表明,另外一項(xiàng)我們平時(shí)不注意的東西更使我們患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大大增加,那就是我們所呼吸的空氣.被污染的空氣可導(dǎo)致心臟病或者中風(fēng),那么更嚴(yán)格的環(huán)境法規(guī)不僅僅有利于改善環(huán)境,更有利于保護(hù)公眾健康.

解答 53.A 文章大意題.根據(jù)本文主題句---第一自然段的最后一句"But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately:the air you breathe."---可知本文大意是說(shuō)明空氣質(zhì)量和心臟病發(fā)病率之間的關(guān)系,故正確答案為A.
54.C 詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)這句話中的信息詞"small",并且后面緊跟著and,可知這個(gè)詞的意思和small為同義詞.modest原意是"謙虛的,溫和的",由此可以推斷出本文中其意思是"相對(duì)較低的",故答案選C.
55.D 推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一句"So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health."可知D為正確答案.
56.A 推理判斷題.本文主要意思是說(shuō)明人們所呼吸的空氣和心臟病的發(fā)病率之間的關(guān)系,由此可知作者的寫作目的是告知人們一個(gè)事實(shí),故本題答案選A.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 健康環(huán)保類文章常是介紹科學(xué)知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)和環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的短文.閱讀此類短文要以現(xiàn)象或事物為中心進(jìn)行思考,理解現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因、條件和客觀規(guī)律等.同時(shí)要抓住事物的特征、用途和相互關(guān)系等.由于此類文章缺乏故事情節(jié),很多同學(xué)對(duì)此類文章感到費(fèi)解.文章都是就事論事,需要邏輯推理和想象的時(shí)候較少,因此此類閱讀題也沒有同學(xué)們想象中的那么難,只要多加訓(xùn)練,就能較好地答題.

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