【題目】 Only 48% of school age children in the United States get 9 hours of sleep most weeknights, according to a new research being presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP) 2019 National Conference & Exhibition in New Orleans. An abstract of the study, "Sounding the Alarm on the Importance of Sleep” , will be presented on Saturday, Oct. 26, at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans.
“Long-term sleep loss is a serious public health problem among children,” said abstract author Hoi See Tsao, MD, FAAP. "Insufficient sleep among adolescent, for example, is associated with physical and mental health consequences including increased risk of depression and obesity and negative effects on mood, attention and academic performance.”
Dr. Tsao said, "Our research shows that children who get enough sleep are more likely to flourish(健康成長)in comparison to children with insufficient sleep."
Researchers analyzed responses from parents and caregivers of 49,050 children ranging in age from 6-17 years old in the combined 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health. They answered questions on how many hours of sleep a randomly selected child in their household slept on an average weeknight. For the study, sufficient sleep was defined as sleeping greater than or equal to 9 hours on an average weeknight.
The researchers found that sufficient sleep, was positively associated with several individual flourishing markers, as well as the combined childhood flourishing measure. The researchers also identified risk factors associated with insufficient sleep, which included lower levels of parental or caregiver education, the presence of mental health conditions and so on.
Dr. Tsao said the study strengthened the importance of increasing efforts to help children get the recommended amount of sleep for their age. “Interventions like these may help children demonstrate more measures of childhood flourishing, enhance their development and give them brighter futures, " she said.
【1】What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The harm of long-term lack of sleep.
B.The cause of long-term lack of sleep.
C.The way to improve sleep quality.
D.The advice against sleep loss.
【2】Who were questioned in the study according to the passage?
A.Children and parents.B.Researchers and caregivers.
C.Parents and researchers.D.Parents and caregivers.
【3】What can we know from the last paragraph?
A.Dr.Tsao denies the efforts
B.Dr. Tsao thinks highly the study.
C.New interventions can help children sleep
D.New interventions are of little importance.
【4】Where can we most probably read this test? .
A.In a science report.B.In a personal diary
C.In a travel magazine.D.In a geography textbook.
【答案】
【1】A
【2】D
【3】B
【4】A
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一項新研究表明，在美國，只有48%的學(xué)齡兒童在大多數(shù)工作日晚上睡9個小時。文章說明了兒童長期缺乏睡眠的危害、研究進(jìn)行的過程以及相關(guān)人員對這項研究的態(tài)度。
【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Long-term sleep loss is a serious public health problem among children,” said abstract author Hoi See Tsao, MD, FAAP.可知“長期睡眠不足是兒童中一個嚴(yán)重的公共健康問題，”論文摘要作者Hoi See Tsao博士說。結(jié)合后文主要列舉了缺乏睡眠的一些具體危害，由此可知，第二段主要講了長期缺乏睡眠的危害。故選A。
【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Researchers analyzed responses from parents and caregivers of 49,050 children ranging in age from 6-17 years old in the combined 2016-2017 National Survey of Children's Health.可知，在2016-2017年全國兒童健康調(diào)查中，研究人員分析了49050名6到17歲兒童的父母和看護(hù)人的回答。由此可知，研究中詢問了父母和看護(hù)人。故選D。
【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Dr. Tsao said the study strengthened the importance of increasing efforts to help children get the recommended amount of sleep for their age.可知，曹博士說，這項研究加強(qiáng)了努力幫助兒童獲得與他們年齡相符的推薦睡眠量的重要性。由此可推知，Dr.Tsao對此研究評價非常高。故選B。
【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Only 48% of school age children in the United States get 9 hours of sleep most weeknights, according to a new research being presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics ( AAP) 2019 National Conference & Exhibition in New Orleans.可知，根據(jù)美國兒科學(xué)會2019年在新奧爾良舉行的全國會議和展覽上公布的一項新研究，在美國，只有48%的學(xué)齡兒童在大多數(shù)工作日晚上睡9個小時。第一段中出現(xiàn)的according to new research以及下文多次出現(xiàn)的research、the study和researchers，由此推知，這是一篇科學(xué)研究報道。故選A。
名師指導(dǎo)期末沖刺卷系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：
【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探測器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 【1】 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 【2】 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 【3】 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 【4】 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環(huán)形山)， more so 【5】 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 【6】 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 【7】 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 【8】 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 【9】 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 【10】 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
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【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
More than two thousand years ago, the “Maritime (海上的) Silk Road” was gradually formed across the vast sea, 【1】 ( connect ) China and the rest of the world.
Maritime Silk Road is an extension of the Silk Road on land. 【2】 ( form ) in the Qin and Han Dynasties, it opened windows of friendly 【3】 ( engage ) among nations, adding a splendid chapter to the history of human progress.
In the early 15th century, Zheng He, the famous Chinese navigator in the Ming Dynasty, ever made seven voyages to the Western Seas, a feat (壯舉) 【4】 still is remembered today.
Today, ancient ports such as Ningbo, Quanzhou, Guangzhou, Beihai, Colombo, Jeddah and Alexandria stand 【5】 living monuments to these past interactions. This Ancient Silk Road 【6】 ( be ) not for trade only, it increased flow of knowledge as well. Through the Silk Road, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain 【7】 ( ship ) to the West, 【8】 pepper, spices (香料) and grape entered China. Buddhism, Arab astronomy, calendar and medicine found their way to China. More 【9】 ( important ), the exchange of goods inspired new ideas.
Running through thousands of miles and years, the“Maritime Silk Road” represents the spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness. The Silk Road spirit 【10】 ( become ) a great heritage of human civilization.
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【題目】 Porridge doesn't have a very tasty name, does it? It doesn't have a very tasty reputation, either. I'm here to try and convince you that porridge isn’t boring and tasteless, that it can be a delicious, convenient and very healthy way to start the day.
If you’ve never eaten it (although you probably have), porridge is a type of food served for breakfast. It is usually a type of grain, like rice or oat (燕麥), mixed with either milk or water, and often heated up. It is often thicker than liquid, but not solid and is very easy to digest, so it's a better option for people who are ill, and it provides long-lasting energy for the day.
Porridge preparation--the amount of ingredients (配料) and cooking time—depends on what you choose to use as your porridge base. If I'm cooking for myself, I put a very big handful of ‘rolled’ oats in a saucepan, add a little bit of water and about 200ml of milk, and let the mixture boil. I stir the porridge constantly, and it takes about five to ten minutes to cook.
Once it's cooked, the fun part is adding the flavors. Porridge alone doesn't have a very strong flavour. Although some people think this makes porridge boring, I think this is what makes porridge exciting! It is like a blank piece of paper—you can add almost anything you want to the porridge base. Greens, nuts and dried fruits are very healthy options to add and can give you energy for the day. But if you don't like these, or you're allergic, then honey and chocolate are also very tasty options. (Just don’t add to much!)
One of the best things about porridge? You can make it almost anywhere in the world. Either oats or rice or both are “staple foods (主食)” for many people across the world. You can usually buy big bags of either, then add local ingredients to make your porridge interesting—whatever is cheap and convenient to find, wherever you are. I am currently in Mexico, and I love to heat my oats up with milk, then mix in peanuts and pumpkin seeds and cacao nibs, and I put a layer of sugar over the top to make my porridge sweeter.
Porridge? Hopefully it sounds a lot tastier now!
【1】What is the purpose of the text?
A.To give brief introduction to various porridge.
B.To show how to prepare porridge for the patient.
C.To warn us not to have porridge for breakfast.
D.To introduce the benefits of porridge.
【2】Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Porridge is often thicker, liquid and solid.
B.Porridge alone has a very strong flavor.
C.Porridge is to many people's liking.
D.Porridge is only served for breakfast.
【3】According to the author, what is the best thing about porridge?
A.It provides long-lasting energy for the day.
B.It is cheap and convenient to make.
C.It's a better option for people.
D.It is never boring and tasteless.
【4】What's the author's favourite flavor?
A.Porridge with Sugar.B.Porridge with oats.
C.Porridge with fruit.D.Porridge with milk.
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【題目】某英文雜志在其“互動欄目（Q & A）”刊出Lora的來信，歡迎讀者就信中提到的問題進(jìn)行分析并提出建議。假定你是讀者李華，請給Lora回信。
Dear editor,
I’m a senior high school student, and I want to read more books of classic literature. But some friends suggest I watch movies based on the books instead. What are the advantages of each approach and what do you suggest?
Thanks!
Lora
注意：
1. 詞數(shù) 100 左右；
2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3. 信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入詞數(shù)。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Looking out of the window of his Ford truck, Bob Fitzgerald sees large, undesirable plants growing in the fields.【1】(visitor) to his neighborhood in Princess Anne, Maryland 【2】(main) see dying forests and empty farmland.
Fitzgerald says the land【3】(be) in his family for over 3 centuries. “I’d say in the next 20 years. You’re going to lose【4】very high percentage of that land.”
The land around the Chesapeake Bay has been sinking for hundreds of years. But climate change is making things【5】(bad). As sea level rises, salt water is entering rivers and other waterways. As a result, the ground is becoming too salty for crops【6】(grow) on.
Maryland’s Eastern Shore is home to some of the oldest farms in North America. Fitzgerald says he has seen big changes during his life.
“You just can’t believe【7】it’s been taking things over in the last 15 or 20 years. I can show you land around here that people raised tomatoes on when I was a little boy. And now it’s gone.”
Around the world, scientists warn that coastal farms are under【8】(threaten) from rising seas and salt water. A World Bank report estimates rice production in coastal areas of Bangladesh may fall【9】15 percent by the year 2050. Another study found hundreds of millions of people will【10】(force) to move inland because of rising waters.
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【題目】 An increasing part of the world is becoming artificially lit. Artificial light is often seen as a sign of progress: the march of civilization shines a light in the dark; it takes back the night. But some scientists argue that unnaturally bright nights are bad not just for astronomers but also for nocturnal (夜間的) animals and even for human health.
Now research shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth’s artificially lit area expanded by about 2.2 percent a year, according to a study published last November in Science Advances. However, the measurement does not include light from most of the energy–efficient LED lamps that have been replacing sodium-vapor (鈉氣燈) technology in cities all over the world ,says Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.
The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIRS). It can measure long wavelengths of light, such as those produced by traditional yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIIRS cannot see the short-wavelength blue light produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disturb human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals’ behavior.
The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caused already bright countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the U.S. to register as having stable levels of lighting in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use of traditional lighting.
In 2016, a study showed that one third of the world’s population currently lives under skies too bright to see the Milky Way at night. Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long-wavelength light as its GDP increased by 13 percent. Overall, counties' total light production correlated with their GDP.
【1】Which of the following can best describe artificial light?
A.Convenient but unnatural.B.Useful but energy-consuming.
C.Progressive but uncomfortable.D.Civilized but harmful.
【2】What can we know about the already bright countries?
A.Traditional lighting is not used in those countries.
B.LED lights are increasingly used in those countries.
C.Efforts to reduce harmful light work in those countries.
D.People do enjoy stable lighting in those countries.
【3】Why does the author mention “the median nation” in the last paragraph?
A.To show artificial light has an association with GDP.
B.To demonstrate GDP plays an important part in the median nation.
C.To stress the median nation was to blame for the light problem.
D.To suggest artificial light should be banned in the future.
【4】Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A.A biology textbook.B.A book review.
C.A science magazine.D.A science fiction.
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【題目】請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。
注意:每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。
Success Takes Focus
You can have a strong desire and really want to achieve your goal but as you’ve experienced, life has its way of knocking us off course. Things come up, and distractions occur.
Success takes a lot of focus. You’ve had the experience of setting a goal and being really excited about achieving it only to have a few weeks or months to go by and realize the goal has dropped down on your list of priorities.
People often get easily side tracked. This doesn’t just happen all at once. You get off track just little by little until one day, you realize you’re completely off track. Keeping your mind focused on your goal can be a constant battle because everything around you is trying to get your attention. It will be your job to keep your goal up high on your priorities list.
So what can you do to keep your focus? There are several things you can try. You can write down your goal and read it each morning and night. You can visualize achieving your goal daily.
One of my favorite methods of keeping focused on a goal is to constantly ask myself, “Is what I’m doing right now bringing me closer to my goal or further away?” Once you answer that question, you’ll know what to do. You can make sure that your daily to-do list includes doing something that will take you closer to your goal.
If you look back at the goals you’ve tried to achieve and realized you haven’t achieved any of your major goals, it may be time to just focus on a single goal. This way, all of your energy and focus can be put towards obtaining that one goal which will increase your chances of getting it. It’s a lot better to just achieve one major goal than to work on a dozen and achieve none of them.
Remember that you’re human and because of this, you’ll make some errors in judgment. Instead of beating yourself up, just be aware that certain things can take your focus away from your goals. Once you’re aware of these things, you can actively reduce the amount of time they take your focus off your goals.
Distractions are like gravity. It’s going to cause us all to fall every now and then. The important thing is that we bounce back up every time we fall. Get your focus back on your goal when you start to realize it’s drifting somewhere else.
Passage outline | Supporting details |
A common phenomenon | Achieving your goal requires much 【1】, but distractions are a barrier to your success. |
The way it happens | Getting side tracked is a 【2】 process, and you have to battle against getting off track 【3】. |
【4】 on solving the problem | ◆You can 【5】 yourself of your goal by writing it down, reading it every morning and imagining achieving it. ◆ Make sure what you do helps you get 【6】 to your goal. ◆ Focusing on a single goal makes you more 【7】 to achieve it. ◆ Don’t blame yourself, as it is 【8】 for humans to make wrong judgement. ◆ Accept the fact that distractions are 【9】 to happen and try to reduce the time of getting distracted. |
Summary | Distractions can be compared to 【10】 causing us all to fall often, in which case we should bounce back to our goal timely. |
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【題目】 My son was playing with a bottle of bubbles. Dip the loop in the bottle, pull it out, and blow it to make bubbles. He understood the principle but was vainly _______ to blow bubbles. He would dip and dip and blow and blow, but alas, no _______. He _______ me the bottle and loop and asked me, “Daddy, can you make bubbles?”
I hadn’t blown bubbles in years. I am a _______ by education, fairly well-trained in surfactant (活性劑) technology. However, all that knowledge is completely _______. I was having no more _______ than my son. I dipped and puffed, _______ no bubbles.
After several _______ attempts, I changed strategies. _______ puffing on the loop of soapy water, I just gently breathed on it. My son ________ with delight as a big beautiful bubble formed and ________ away. I explained to him, “Son, you can’t blow hard. You must ever so ________ breathe on the loop to make bubbles.” He ________ his urgent desire to make big bubbles by blowing hard and followed my advice. Big bubbles!
There are some things that you can get with ________, but other things only ________ from the gentleness of a soft breath.
【1】A.tryingB.managingC.expectingD.acting
【2】A.changesB.bubblesC.resultsD.drops
【3】A.lentB.handedC.threwD.cast
【4】A.researcherB.professionalC.chemistD.parent
【5】A.out of dateB.of no useC.in doubtD.in trouble
【6】A.trialB.confidenceC.patienceD.success
【7】A.evenB.thusC.somehowD.still
【8】A.fruitlessB.toughC.unwillingD.difficult
【9】A.DespiteB.WithoutC.OnD.Except
【10】A.screamedB.noddedC.rushedD.flew
【11】A.escapedB.floatedC.burstD.bounced
【12】A.silentlyB.slightlyC.eagerlyD.gently
【13】A.freedB.fueledC.containedspan style="width:54.74pt; display:inline-block; -aw-tabstop-align:left; -aw-tabstop-pos:311.45pt">D.reduced
【14】A.brainB.actionC.forceD.science
【15】A.surviveB.separateC.jumpedD.arise
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