Question

Disposing(處理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.

During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers(垃圾托運者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically(定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.

Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.

Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅區(qū)的)neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.

Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.

Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.

The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.

   A. Places for Disposing Waste            B. Waste Pollution Dangers

   C. Ways of Getting Rid of Waste          D. Waste Disposal Problem

During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for ______.

   A. burying it                          B. recycling it

   C. burning it                          D. throwing it into rivers

What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

   A. Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.

   B. There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.

   C. It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.

   D. Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.

The main purpose of writing this article is to ________.

   A. draw people's attention to waste management

   B. warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing

  C. call on people to take part in recycling programs

   D. tell people a better way to get rid of the waste

Answer 1

【小題1】D

【小題2】B

【小題3】D

【小題4】A

解析:

【小題1】本題考查對于全文主旨大意地把握并要求考生據(jù)此選擇最佳標題。文章主要討論垃圾處理的問題(A項)，至于處理垃圾的地點(B項)、垃圾污染的危害(C項)和處理垃圾的方式(D項)都是垃圾處理問題的一個方面，不能以偏概全。

【小題2】細節(jié)理解題。recycle意為“循環(huán)利用”。對于垃圾的循環(huán)利用是近才開始的一 項技術(shù)，18世紀的時候是沒有的。文章二、三段明確提到其余三種垃圾處理方法。

【小題3】細節(jié)理解題。文章第四段提到landfills(垃圾掩埋法)和long-distance trash    hauling(垃圾長途拖運)，可見現(xiàn)代社會人們所使用的垃圾處理方法還和以前一樣。

【小題4】作者意圖推測題。C，D兩項很容易排除掉，B項沒有提到垃圾處理的問題，偏離文章的主題；所以答案選A。