1.Decisions,decisions!Our lives are full of them,from the small ones to the life-changing.The right to choose is central to everyone.Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret.Can science help?
Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions.Luckily,what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices.Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.
Consider your emotions.You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making,but in fact they're a part of it.Whenever you make up your mind,your brain's emotional center is active.University of Southern California scientist,Antonio Damasio,has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains,and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat.Damasio thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choices,which we use to help the present decision making.
However,making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result.Take anger,for example.A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than consider other choices.It seems anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.
All emotions affect our thinking and motivation(動(dòng)機(jī)),so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence.Yet strangely there's one emotion that seems to help us make good choices.The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer,and ended up making the best choices.In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.
65.According to the text,what may help us make better decisions?B
A.To think about happy times.
B.To learn about the process of decision-making.
C.To make many decisions at a time.
D.To stop feeling regretful about the past
66.Damasio's study suggests thatD.
A.emotions are the enemy of decision making
B.people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds
C.our brain has nothing to do with decision making
D.our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions
67.Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?B
A.They often forget their past choices.
B.They make decisions without much thinking.
C.They tend to save time when shopping.
D.They are too angry to bargain.
68.What do we learn from the text?D
A.Sad people always make worst choices.
B.No emotion seems to help us make good choices.
C.Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation.
D.Emotions are a part of decision making.
分析 基本的決定.情緒對(duì)做決定的影響只是一部分,但是在某種情緒的影響下做出的決定會(huì)影響結(jié)果,因此我們要避免在他們的影響下做出決定.
解答 65-68BDBD
65題答案:B:細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions.Luckily,what psychologists(心理學(xué)家)are finding may help us all make better choices.可知心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為心理思考的過(guò)程可能幫助我們做出更好的決定.故選B.
66題答案:D考查細(xì)節(jié)推理,根據(jù)第三段最后一句Damasio thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choices,which we use to help the present decision making.Damasio認(rèn)為這有可能是因?yàn)槲覀兊拇竽X儲(chǔ)存了過(guò)去選擇的情緒記憶--我們會(huì)用此來(lái)幫助我們做現(xiàn)在的決定.可知本題答案為D選項(xiàng).
67題答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.似乎憤怒使我們不會(huì)思考很多就很快作出決定,故選B.
68題答案:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making,but in fact they are a part of it.你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為情緒是做決定的敵人,但事實(shí)上它們只是其一部分.可知情緒對(duì)做決定的影響只是一部分.故選D.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 本文是一篇科教類閱讀,題目涉及多道細(xì)節(jié)理解題,做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì) 性找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案.推理判斷也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確的答案.